apache+tomcat的架构，apachetomcat是什么
apache+tomcat的架构，apachetomcat是什么
apache+tomcat的架构
===================================
keepalived实现apache的高可用
在tomcat上搭建JspRun论坛
apache三种方式实现tomcat的反向代理
apache三种方式实现tomcat的负载均衡
===================================
环境：
OS：Centos 6.x(redhat 6.x)
yum源:
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[centos]
name=sohu-centos
baseurl=http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch
gpgcheck=1
enable=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
[epel]
name=sohu-epel
baseurl=http://mirrors.sohu.com/fedora-epel/$releasever/$basearch/
enable=1
gpgcheck=0
|
拓扑图：
拓扑图的规划：
|
IP 地址 |
所需安装软件 |
|
|
apache1 |
Eth0:172.16.22.1 VIP1：172.16.22.100 |
Keepalived+apache+tomcat-connectors |
|
apache2 |
Eth0:172.16.22.2 VIP1：172.16.22.100 |
Keepalived+apache+tomcat-connectors |
|
tomcat1 |
Eth0:172.16.22.3 |
Jdk+tomcat+mysql-connector-java |
|
tomcat2 |
Eth0:172.16.22.4 |
Jdk+tomcat+mysql-connector-java |
|
mysql1 |
Eth0:172.16.22.5 VIP2：172.16.22.200 |
Corosync+pacemaker+Mysql+drbd |
|
mysql2 |
Eth0:172.16.22.6 VIP2：172.16.22.200 |
Corosync+pacemaker+Mysql+drbd |
部分软件下载
需解决的问题：
防止apache单点故障?
keepalived+apache实现apache的高可用
防止mysql单点故障?
corosync+pacemaker+mysql+drbd实现mysql的高可用
apache做tomcat反向代理的三种方式？
用三种模块mod_proxy、mod_proxy_ajp、mod_jk，需要用哪种就开启哪种的模块即可
apache做tomcat负载均衡的三种方式？
用三种模块mod_proxy、mod_proxy_ajp、mod_jk，需要用哪种就开启哪种的模块且还要开启负载均衡的模块，以及负载均衡算法的模块
apache怎么连接tomcat?
mod_proxy模块
mod_proxy_ajp模块
前面两种模块直接在配置文件里面加载即可，就可以连接tomcat
mod_jk模块 用这个模块还要安装apache连接tomcat的连接器，tomcat-connectors这个软件包
tomcat怎么连接mysql?
每个连接mysql的软件包都要安装相应的连接mysql的驱动，tomcat连接mysql的驱动的软件包是mysql-connector-java
怎么实现session的会话保持？
实现session会话保持的方法有很多，tomcat自身也可以保持session，这种保持会话就是运维人员的工作了，运维人员直接在tomcat的配置文件中实现，用memcached或者redis保持session，memcached保持session有一定的缺陷，即memcached服务挂了，会话还是丢失了，但是memcached直接把session保存在内存中，所以速度可想而知，redis可以永久的保存session，这种保存session需要开发人员在开发中程序中自己定义，还有可以把session保存在数据库中，这种也是需要用程序定义，session如何保存，不同公司有不同的方法，保存在哪里还是需要运维人员和开发人员共同探讨合作。
一、每个服务器相关软件的安装
apache1上相关软件的安装：
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#================yum安装keepalived======================================
[root@jie1 ~]# yum -y install keepalived
#================源码编译安装httpd-2.4.6================================
[root@jie1 ~]# tar xf apr-1.4.6.tar.bz2
[root@jie1 ~]# tar xf apr-util-1.5.2.tar.bz2
[root@jie1 ~]# tar xf httpd-2.4.6.tar.bz2
#===========安装开发库，和依赖性包======================================
[root@jie1 ~]# yum -y groupinstall "Development tools" "Server Platform Development"
[root@jie1 ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel
#=============编译安装apr软件===========================================
[root@jie1 ~]# cd apr-1.4.6
[root@jie1 apr-1.4.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr && make && make install
#================编译安装apr-util软件包=================================
[root@jie1 ~]# cd apr-util-1.5.2
[root@jie1 apr-util-1.5.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr && make && make install
#=================编译安装httpd的软件包================================
[root@jie1 ~]# cd httpd-2.4.6
[root@jie1 httpd-2.4.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event && make && make install
#============复制源码包里面提供的httpd的SystemV脚本=====================
[root@jie1 ~]# cp httpd-2.4.6/build/rpm/httpd.init /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
[root@jie1 ~]# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
#==============vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd =============================
prog=httpd
httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/usr/local/apache/logs/${prog}.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/${prog}}
RETVAL=0
# check for 1.3 configuration
check13 () {
CONFFILE=/usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#======================================================================
[root@jie1 ~]# service httpd start
Starting httpd: [ OK ]
[root@jie1 ~]# chkconfig --add httpd
[root@jie1 ~]# chkconfig httpd on
#==============编译安装使用mod_jk模块连接tomcat的连接器=================
[root@jie1 ~]# tar xf tomcat-connectors-1.2.37-src.tar.gz
[root@jie1 ~]# cd tomcat-connectors-1.2.37-src/native/
[root@jie1 native]# ./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs && make && make install
|
apache2：与apache1要安装相关的软件、安装方法都是一样的，这里不再赘述
tomcat1上相关软件的安装：
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[root@jie3 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg jdk-7u9-linux-x64.rpm
apache-tomcat-7.0.42.tar.gz JspRun!_6.0.0_GBK.zip
install.log mysql-connector-java-5.1.16.tar.gz
install.log.syslog
#===================安装jdk，修改环境变量=========================
[root@jie3 ~]# rpm -ivh jdk-7u9-linux-x64.rpm
[root@jie3 ~]# vim/etc/profile.d/java.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/latest
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
[root@jie3 ~]# source /etc/profile.d/java.sh
#===================安装tomcat，修改环境变量=====================
[root@jie3 ~]# tar xf apache-tomcat-7.0.42.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@jie3 ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@jie3 local]#ln -sv apache-tomcat-7.0.42 tomcat
[root@jie3 local]# vim /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh
export CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat
export PATH=$CATALINA_HOME/bin:$PATH
[root@jie3 local]# source /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh
#==================安装连接mysql的驱动===========================
[root@jie3 local]# cd /root/
[root@jie3 ~]# tar xf mysql-connector-java-5.1.16.tar.gz
[root@jie3 ~]# cd mysql-connector-java-5.1.16
[root@jie3 mysql-connector-java-5.1.16]# cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.16-bin.jar /usr/local/tomcat/lib/
|
tomcat2：与tomcat1安装相关的软件、安装方法都是一样的，这里也不再赘述
mysql1与mysql2就是用corosync+pacemaker+mysql+drbd实现mysql的高可用，这里不做详细的安装 请点击这里(详解mysql的高可用)
二、keepalived实现apache的高可用
apache1的配置：
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#=====================修改keepalived的配置实现httpd的高可用===========
[root@jie1 ~]# cd /etc/keepalived/
[root@jie1 keepalived]# vim keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_httpd {
script "killall -0 httpd"
interval 0
weghit -2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 22
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.22.100
}
track_script {
chk_httpd
}
}
#====================copy配置文件到apache2上面========================
[root@jie1 keepalived]#scp keepalived.conf 172.16.22.2:/etc/keepalived
[root@jie1 keepalived]# service keepalived start
Starting keepalived: [ OK ]
[root@jie1 keepalived]# chkconfig --add keepalived
[root@jie1 keepalived]# chkconfig keepalived on
|
apache2的相关配置：
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#=====================修改来着apache1的keepalived的配置文件===========
[root@jie2 ~]# cd /etc/keepalived/
[root@jie2 keepalived]# vim keepalived.conf
state BACKUP
priority 99
[root@jie2 keepalived]# service keepalived start
Starting keepalived: [ OK ]
[root@jie2 keepalived]# chkconfig --add keepalived
[root@jie2 keepalived]# chkconfig keepalived on
|
测试apache的高可用：
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#=============查看vip在apache1节点上=================================
[root@jie1 conf]# ip addr show | grep eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
inet 172.16.22.1/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0
inet 172.16.22.100/32 scope global eth0 #===vip为172.16.22.100==
#===========杀死httpd的服务进程，发现vip已经漂移=================
[root@jie1 conf]# killall httpd
[root@jie1 conf]# ip addr show | grep eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
inet 172.16.22.1/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0
#=============查看vip已经漂移到apache2节点上=======================
[root@jie2 ~]# ip addr show | grep eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
inet 172.16.22.1/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0
inet 172.16.22.100/32 scope global eth0
#=======在apache1上面重新开启http服务，vip已经重新漂移到apache1上=====
[root@jie1 conf]# service httpd start
Starting httpd: [ OK ]
[root@jie1 conf]# ip addr show | grep eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
inet 172.16.22.1/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0
inet 172.16.22.100/32 scope global eth0
[root@jie1 conf]#
|
成功测试，当apache服务的进程死掉后，vip可以漂移
三、tomcat服务器测试与mysql的连接
tomcat1的配置：
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[root@jie3 ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/
[root@jie3 conf]# vim server.xml
#=================tomcat，server.xml的部分相关配置===================
<Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
#监听的端口改为了80
<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="www.test.com" >
#defaultHost把默认的localhost改为了新建的主机名
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
</Realm>
<Host name="www.test.com" appBase="/tomcat/test"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
<Context path="" docBase="/tomcat/test" />
#新建了一个虚拟主机，站点和网页文件存放在/tomcat/test目录下
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
prefix="test_access_log." suffix=".txt"
pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />
</Host>
</Engine>
================================部分配置文件==========================
#=========利用catalina重启tomcat===========================
[root@jie3 conf]# catalina.sh stop
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
[root@jie3 conf]# catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
#==============创建网页根目录和测试连接数据库的网页文件===============
#===============博主只是测试了tomcat1上的，各位朋友也可以测试tomcat2上
[root@jie3 conf]#mkdir -pv /tomcat/test
[root@jie3 conf]# cd /tomcat/test/
[root@jie3 test]# vim test.jsp
<%@ page language="java" %>
<%@ page import="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" %>
<%@ page import="java.sql.*" %>
<%
String driverName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
String userName="jie";
String userPasswd="jie123";
String dbName="test";
String url="jdbc:mysql://172.16.22.200/"+dbName+"?user="+userName+"&password="+userPasswd;
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance();
try
{
Connection connection=DriverManager.getConnection(url);
out.println("TomcatA, tomcat connect mysql is ok!");
connection.close();
}
catch( Exception e )
{
out.println( "connent mysql error:" + e );
}
%>
======================================================================
#==============在mysql上授权能访问数据库的网段==============
[root@jie4 ~]# mysql
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'jie'@'172.16.%.%' identified by 'jie123';
mysql> flush privileges;
|
测试新建的test.jsp测试文件是否可以mysql的连接
测试tomcat连接数据库is ok！
在tomcat安装Jsprun论坛
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#=================解压论坛，把论坛的文件存放到网页存放路径中=============
[root@jie3 ~]# unzip JspRun\!_6.0.0_GBK.zip
[root@jie3 ~]#mkdir -pv /tomcat/bbs
[root@jie3 ~]#cp -rp upload/* /tomcat/bbs/
[root@jie3 ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/
[root@jie3 conf]# vim server.xml
#=================tomcat，server.xml的部分相关配置===================
<Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
#之前已经把监听的端口改为了80
<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="www.bbs.com" >
#defaultHost改为新建的论坛的虚拟主机名
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
</Realm>
<Host name="www.test.com" appBase="/tomcat/bbs"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
<Context path="" docBase="/tomcat/bbs" />
#再新建了一个虚拟主机，站点和网页文件存放在/tomcat/bbs目录下
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
prefix="test_access_log." suffix=".txt"
pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />
</Host>
</Engine>
#===默认的虚拟主机还有www.test.com的虚拟主机的配置文件没给予显示
================================部分配置文件==========================
#=========利用catalina重启tomcat===========================
[root@jie3 conf]# catalina.sh stop
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
[root@jie3 conf]# catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
=======================================================================
#==================在数据库上面创建，Jsprun论坛的数据库=============
[root@jie4 ~]# mysql
mysql> create database jsprun;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> grant all on jsprun.* to 'jspuser'@'172.16.%.%' identified by 'jspmypass';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
用浏览器安装Jsprun论坛
论坛已经安装成功
四、apache三种方式实现tomcat的反向代理
1)mod_proxy
apache1&apache2上的配置：两边的配置都是一样
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[root@jie1 ~]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#==========开启相应的模块，然后添加以下参数============================
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
ProxyVia On
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPreserveHost On
<Proxy *>
Order deny,allow
Allow from all
</Proxy>
ProxyPass / http://172.16.22.3:80/
ProxyPassReverse / http://172.16.22.3:80/
======================================================================
[root@jie1 ~]# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@jie1 ~]# service httpd reload
Reloading httpd: [ OK ]
[root@jie1 ~]#scp /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 172.16.22.2:/ /usr/local/apache/conf/ #把配置文件copy到apache2上
|
tomcat1&tomcat2上的配置：两边的配置都是一样
两边都需要创建/tomcat/test目录和index.jsp文件
两边的配置文件都必须一样
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[root@jie3 ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/
[root@jie3 conf]# vim server.xml
#=================tomcat，server.xml的部分相关配置===================
<Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
#监听的端口改为了80
<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="www.test.com" >
#defaultHost把默认的localhost改为了新建的主机名
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
</Realm>
<Host name="www.test.com" appBase="/tomcat/test"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
<Context path="" docBase="/tomcat/test" />
#新建了一个虚拟主机，站点和网页文件存放在/tomcat/test目录下
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
prefix="test_access_log." suffix=".txt"
pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />
</Host>
</Engine>
================================部分配置文件==========================
#=========利用catalina重启tomcat===========================
[root@jie3 conf]# catalina.sh stop
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
[root@jie3 conf]# catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
#==============创建网页根目录和测试连接数据库的网页文件===============
[root@jie3 conf]#mkdir -pv /tomcat/test
[root@jie3 conf]# cd /tomcat/test/
[root@jie3 test]# vim index.jsp
#=============测试页面==============================================
<%@ page language="java" %>
<%@ page import="java.util.*" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>JSP test page.</title>
</head>
<body>
<% out.println("Hello,tomcat1,jie3!"); %>
</body>
</html>
|
博主只测试了tomcat1的反向代理
2)mod_proxy_ajp
apache1&apache2的配置：
只需小小修改apache的配置文件中
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 |
[root@jie1 ~]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#==========开启相应的模块，然后添加以下参数============================
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
ProxyVia On
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPreserveHost On
<Proxy *>
Order deny,allow
Allow from all
</Proxy>
ProxyPass / ajp://172.16.22.4:8009/
ProxyPassReverse / ajp://172.16.22.4:8009/
======================================================================
[root@jie1 ~]# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@jie1 ~]# service httpd reload
Reloading httpd: [ OK ]
[root@jie1 ~]#scp /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 172.16.22.2:/ /usr/local/apache/conf/ #把配置文件copy到apache2上
|
tomcat
博主只测试了tomcat2的反向代理
3)mod_jk
之前已经说过，apache要使用mod_jk模块做tomcat的反向代理则必须安装连接tomcat的连接器，连接器已经安装
apache1&apache2的配置：
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[root@jie1 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@jie1 conf]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#=========注释掉之前开启的模块，然后添加把之前用mod_proxy的模块添加的内容也注释掉，只添加一句=====================
#LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
#LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
#LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
#LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
Include /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf
[root@jie1 extra]# cat /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf
LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
JkWorkersFile /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties
JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log
JkLogLevel debug
JkMount /* TomcatA
JkMount /status/ stat1
[root@jie1 extra]# cat /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties
worker.list=TomcatA,stat1
worker.TomcatA.port=8009
worker.TomcatA.host=172.16.22.3
worker.TomcatA.type=ajp13
worker.TomcatA.lbfactor=1
worker.stat1.type = status
[root@jie1 extra]#
|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 |
[root@jie1 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@jie1 conf]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
#=========
Include /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf
[root@jie1 extra]# cat /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf
LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
JkWorkersFile /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties
JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log
JkLogLevel debug
JkMount /* TomcatA
JkMount /status/ stat1
[root@jie1 extra]# cat /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties
worker.list=TomcatA,stat1
worker.TomcatA.port=8009
worker.TomcatA.host=172.16.22.3
worker.TomcatA.type=ajp13
worker.TomcatA.lbfactor=1
worker.stat1.type = status
[root@jie1 extra]#
|
tomcat
测试mod_jk模式为tomcat1反向代理
自此apache三种方式实现反向代理已经ok了
五、apache三种方式实现tomcat的负载均衡
三种反向代理与三种负载均衡都是以这三种模块mod_proxy、mod_proxy_ajp、mod_jk，只不过每种方式都需要用到负载均衡的模块
1)mod_proxy
apache1&apache2上的配置：两边的配置都是一样
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[root@jie1 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@jie1 conf]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#=======================开启这些模块，和添加以下内容===================
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
LoadModule proxy_express_module modules/mod_proxy_express.so
LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyVia On
ProxyPreserveHost On
ProxyRequests Off
<proxy balancer://jie>
BalancerMember ajp://172.16.22.3:8009/ loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA
BalancerMember ajp://172.16.22.4:8009/ loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA
ProxySet lbmethod=bytraffic
</proxy>
ProxyPass / balancer://jie/ stickysession=jsessionid
ProxyPassReverse / balancer://jie/
=======================================================================
[root@jie1 ~]# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@jie1 ~]# service httpd reload
Reloading httpd: [ OK ]
[root@jie1 ~]#scp /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 172.16.22.2:/ /usr/local/apache/conf/ #把配置文件copy到apache2上
|
tomcat
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 |
#==================tomcat1的配置文件修改=================================
[root@jie3 conf]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="www.test.com" jvmRoute="TomcatA">
#==================tomcat2的配置文件修改================================
[root@jie4 conf]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="www.test.com" jvmRoute="TomcatB">
|
测试mod_proxy的负载均衡
1)mod_proxy_ajp
apache1&apache2上的配置：两边的配置都是一样
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 |
[root@jie1 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@jie1 conf]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#=======================开启这些模块，和添加以下内容===================
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
LoadModule proxy_express_module modules/mod_proxy_express.so
LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyVia On
ProxyPreserveHost On
<Proxy balancer://jie>
BalancerMember http://172.16.22.3:80/ loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA
BalancerMember http://172.16.22.4:80/ loadfactor=1 route=TomcatB
ProxySet lbmethod=bytraffic
</Proxy>
ProxyPass / balancer://jie/
ProxyPassReverse / balancer://jie/
<Proxy *>
Require all granted
</Proxy>
<Location / >
Require all granted
</Location>
=======================================================================
[root@jie1 ~]# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@jie1 ~]# service httpd reload
Reloading httpd: [ OK ]
[root@jie1 ~]#scp /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 172.16.22.2:/ /usr/local/apache/conf/ #把配置文件copy到apache2上
|
tomcat
测试mod_proxy_ajp模块的负载均衡
3)mod_jk
apache1&apache2上的配置：两边的配置都是一样
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 |
[root@jie1 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@jie1 conf]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#=========注释掉一些之前开启的模块，然后添加把之前用mod_proxy的模块添加的内容也注释掉，只添加一句=====================
#LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
#LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
#LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
#LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
LoadModule proxy_express_module modules/mod_proxy_express.so
LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so
LoadModule lbmethod_bytraffic_module modules/mod_lbmethod_bytraffic.so
Include /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf
[root@jie1 extra]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf
========================================
LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
JkWorkersFile /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties
JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log
JkLogLevel debug
JkMount /* jie
JkMount /jkstatus/ stat1
========================================
[root@jie1 extra]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties
========================================
worker.list = jie,stat1
worker.TomcatA.type = ajp13
worker.TomcatA.host = 172.16.22.3
worker.TomcatA.port = 8009
worker.TomcatA.lbfactor = 5
worker.TomcatB.type = ajp13
worker.TomcatB.host = 172.16.22.4
worker.TomcatB.port = 8009
worker.TomcatB.lbfactor = 5
worker.jie.type = lb
worker.jie.method = R
worker.jie.sticky_session = 0
worker.jie.balance_workers = TomcatA, TomcatB
worker.stat1.type = status
========================================
[root@jie1 ~]# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@jie1 ~]# service httpd reload
Reloading httpd: [ OK ]
#==================可以把修改的这些文件复制到apache2上=================
|
tomcat
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[root@jie3 conf]# cd /tomcat/test/
[root@jie3 test]# vim session.jsp
#=======================session的测试页面==============================
<%@ page language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>TomcatA</title></head>
<body>
<h1><font color="green">TomcatA </font></h1>
<table align="centre" border="1">
<tr>
<td>Session ID</td>
<% session.setAttribute("abc","abc"); %>
<td><%= session.getId() %></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Created on</td>
<td><%= session.getCreationTime() %></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
========================================================================
|
测试mod_jk模块的负载均衡
补充：
在apache1&apache2修改配置文件的这个参数
[root@jie1 extra]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties
worker.jie.sticky_session = 0 #实现将用户session与某worker绑定
此参数设置以后，来着同一个IP的访问一段时间内始终代理给后端的同一个tomcat上
测试结果：
本文转自 jie783213507 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/litaotao/1303981，如需转载请自行联系原作者
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