内部OA系统：Nginx+Keepalived实现站点高可用(1)(3)

3. 测试

根据上面的配置，初始化状态：172.29.88.224 (itoatest1,MASTER,101)，172.29.88.222itoatest2,BACKUP,100），nginx和keepalived都启动，虚拟IP 172.29.88.222 在 itoatest1 上：

# 使用ip命令配置的地址，ifconfig查看不了
[root@itoatest1 nginx-1.6]# ip a|grep eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    inet 172.29.88.224/24 brd 172.29.88.255 scope global eth0
    inet 172.29.88.222/32 scope global eth0

浏览器访问 172.29.88.222 或域名，OK。

直接关闭 itoatest1 上的nginx：/usr/local/nginx-1.6/sbin/nginx -s stop：

[root@localhost keepalived]# ip a|grep eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    inet 172.29.88.224/24 brd 172.29.88.255 scope global eth0

vip消失，漂移到 itoatest2：

同时可以看到两台服务器上 /var/log/messages：

## itoatest1
Jun  5 16:44:01 itoatest1 Keepalived_vrrp[44875]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 172.29.88.222
Jun  5 16:44:06 itoatest1 Keepalived_vrrp[44875]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 172.29.88.222
Jun  5 16:44:46 itoatest1 Keepalived_vrrp[44875]: VRRP_Script(chk_nginx) failed
Jun  5 16:44:48 itoatest1 Keepalived_vrrp[44875]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Received higher prio advert
Jun  5 16:44:48 itoatest1 Keepalived_vrrp[44875]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE
Jun  5 16:44:48 itoatest1 Keepalived_vrrp[44875]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.
Jun  5 16:44:48 itoatest1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[44874]: Netlink reflector reports IP 172.29.88.222 removed
## itoatest2
Jun  5 16:44:00 itoatest2 Keepalived_vrrp[35555]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
Jun  5 16:44:00 itoatest2 Keepalived_vrrp[35555]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Received higher prio advert
Jun  5 16:44:00 itoatest2 Keepalived_vrrp[35555]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE
Jun  5 16:44:48 itoatest2 Keepalived_vrrp[35555]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) forcing a new MASTER election
Jun  5 16:44:48 itoatest2 Keepalived_vrrp[35555]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) forcing a new MASTER election
Jun  5 16:44:49 itoatest2 Keepalived_vrrp[35555]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
Jun  5 16:44:50 itoatest2 Keepalived_vrrp[35555]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
Jun  5 16:44:50 itoatest2 Keepalived_vrrp[35555]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
Jun  5 16:44:50 itoatest2 Keepalived_vrrp[35555]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 172.29.88.222
Jun  5 16:44:50 itoatest2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[35554]: Netlink reflector reports IP 172.29.88.222 added
Jun  5 16:44:55 itoatest2 Keepalived_vrrp[35555]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 172.29.88.222

你也可以通过在两台服务器上抓包来查看 优先级priority 的变化：

## itoatest1 上
## 直接输出，或后加 -w itoatest-kl.cap存入文件用wireshark查看
# tcpdump -vvv -n -i eth0 dst 224.0.0.18 and src 172.29.88.224

参考

• 使用Keepalived实现Nginx高可用性
• High Availability Support Based on keepalived
• nginx+keepalived实现双机热备的高可用
• LVS原理详解及部署之五：LVS+keepalived实现负载均衡&高可用
• Keepalived双主模型中vrrp_script中权重改变故障排查
• 虚拟路由器冗余协议原理篇】VRRP详解
• Keepalived原理与实战精讲

来源：http://seanlook.com/2015/05/18/nginx-keepalived-ha/

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