RMAN异机恢复步骤及故障处理
RMAN异机恢复步骤及故障处理
一、测试机安装OS+Oracle Software，包括配置oracle用户、组和环境变量（略） 二、开始异机恢复 1. 复制源库最新备份集、初始化参数、密码文件到测试机 [oracle@ora10g backupsets]$ scp *20141012* 192.168.1.213:/tmp The authenticity of host '192.168.1.213 (192.168.1.213)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 78:0e:33:cb:3f:04:e4:5d:d1:71:29:a4:3f:3a:79:41. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.213' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. oracle@192.168.1.213's password: Connection closed by 192.168.1.213 lost connection [oracle@ora10g backupsets]$ scp *20141012* 192.168.1.213:/tmp oracle@192.168.1.213's password: ora10g-4175411955_20141012_860776699_315.arc 100% 4336KB 2.1MB/s 00:02 ora10g-4175411955_20141012_860776704_316.db 100% 165MB 2.1MB/s 01:20 ora10g-4175411955_20141012_860776830_317.arc 100% 418KB 417.5KB/s 00:00 ora10g-c-4175411955-20141012-00.ctl 100% 7424KB 2.4MB/s 00:03 [oracle@ora10g backupsets]$ scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initora10g.ora oracle@192.168.1.213:/tmp oracle@192.168.1.213's password: initora10g.ora 100% 1136 1.1KB/s 00:00 [oracle@ora10g backupsets]$ scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwora10g oracle@192.168.1.213:/tmp oracle@192.168.1.213's password: orapwora10g 100% 1536 1.5KB/s 00:00 如果没有生成过initora10g.ora初始化参数文件，则创建一个： SQL> create pfile from spfile; 创建完默认路径是放在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs下面 2. 修改初始化参数 [root@bak tmp]# cat initora10g.ora ora10g.__db_cache_size=0 ora10g.__java_pool_size=0 ora10g.__large_pool_size=0 ora10g.__shared_pool_size=0 ora10g.__streams_pool_size=0 *.audit_file_dest='/oracle/admin/ora10g/adump' *.background_dump_dest='/oracle/admin/ora10g/bdump' *.compatible='10.2.0.1.0' *.control_files='/oradata/ora10g/control01.ctl','/oradata/ora10g/control02.ctl','/oradata/ora10g/control03.ctl'#Restore Controlfile *.core_dump_dest='/oracle/admin/ora10g/cdump' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16 *.db_name='ora10g' *.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/flash_recovery_area' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648 *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ora10gXDB)' *.job_queue_processes=10 *.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf' *.nls_language='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE' *.nls_territory='CHINA' *.open_cursors=300 *.pga_aggregate_target=0 *.processes=150 *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.sga_target=0 *.undo_management='AUTO' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' *.user_dump_dest='/oracle/admin/ora10g/udump' 注意，假设我这里测试机使用的目录和源库不同，注意红色部分为修改的内容 3. 把密码文件和修改好的初始化参数文件拷贝到测试机相应位置 [oracle@bak ~]$ mv /tmp/initora10g.ora $ORACLE_HOME/dbs [oracle@bak ~]$ mv /tmp/orapwora10g $ORACLE_HOME/dbs--------------------------------------推荐阅读 --------------------------------------
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4. 在测试机根据初始化参数文件中指定的路径创建目录（注意目录必须对于oracle用户有读写权限） [root@bak tmp]# mkdir /oradata/ora10g -p [root@bak tmp]# mkdir /oracle/admin/ora10g/adump -p [root@bak tmp]# mkdir /oracle/admin/ora10g/bdump [root@bak tmp]# mkdir /oracle/admin/ora10g/cdump [root@bak tmp]# mkdir /oracle/admin/ora10g/udump [root@bak tmp]# chown oracle:oinstall /oradata -R [root@bak tmp]# chmod 755 /oradata -R [root@bak tmp]# chown oracle:oinstall /oracle -R [root@bak tmp]# chmod 755 /oracle -R 5. 启动实例到nomount SQL> startup nomount ORA-00371: not enough shared pool memory, should be atleast 72265318 bytes 由于假设测试机配置要比源库低，而暂时不确定如何分配SGA，刚才在初始化参数中把内存分配的值，都设置成了0，包括sga_target，既然没有自动分配内存组件，那么手动设置sga_target=1G SQL> ! [oracle@bak ~]$ vim /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initora10g.ora ... *.sga_target=1G... 修改保存后，重新启动实例 [oracle@bak ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Oct 12 17:25:50 2014 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup nomount ORA-01261: Parameter db_recovery_file_dest destination string cannot be translated ORA-01262: Stat failed on a file destination directory Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory 由于刚才忘记创建了/oracle/flash_recovery_area这个目录，因此报错，如果测试机并不想启用FRA的话，可以把该参数注释掉 SQL> ! [oracle@bak ~]$ vim /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initora10g.ora
... #*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/flash_recovery_area' #*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648 ... [oracle@bak ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Oct 12 17:28:08 2014 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup nomount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes Fixed Size 1223512 bytes Variable Size 264242344 bytes Database Buffers 805306368 bytes Redo Buffers 2969600 bytes SQL> 注意，如果登陆SQLPLUS时碰到无法用OS Local验证，只需用netca创建一个监听即可解决 6. 恢复测试机控制文件 [oracle@bak ~]$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Oct 12 17:42:07 2014 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. connected to target database: ora10g (not mounted) RMAN> restore controlfile from '/tmp/ora10g-c-4175411955-20141012-00.ctl'; Starting restore at 12-OCT-14 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:05 output filename=/oradata/ora10g/control01.ctl output filename=/oradata/ora10g/control02.ctl output filename=/oradata/ora10g/control03.ctl Finished restore at 12-OCT-14 RMAN> alter database mount; database mounted released channel: ORA_DISK_1
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