DIY 一个用于生成桌面墙纸的“网络相机”

文章由LinuxBoy分享于2019-04-01 11:04:45热评（396）

DIY 一个用于生成桌面墙纸的“网络相机”

Ben 写了一个 python 脚本——WebCam，区区百十行代码，实现了从网络或本地目录抓取多幅图片并随机拼合到一起，所生成的图片可以作为漂亮的桌面墙纸。这个脚本程序虽然不是非常智能，但是它可以作为一个 python 编程示例供初学者借鉴。您也可以尝试做一个 Lua 或 Ruby 版本

这个脚本的全部代码如下

#! /usr/bin/env python

# Copyright 2009 by Benjamin Fogle
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

import sys
import os
import os.path
import urllib2
import tempfile
import math

# Constants. Change these to customize the script
# In ksh: CONFIG_FILE=$HOME/lectures/examples/LEC-05/webcam_config
CONFIG_FILE=os.getenv('HOME') + '/.webcam_config'
TARGET=os.getenv('HOME') + '/Pictures/Wallpapers/webcam.jpg'
SCREEN_X = 1024
SCREEN_Y = 768

def GetTiles(num_images):
"""Returns a tuple (N,M) representing the tile grid"""
# This algorithm could be much improved
tile = math.ceil(math.sqrt(N))
return (tile, tile)

def GetImageSize(N, M):
"""Returns a the max size of each image based on the screen size
and the tile grid"""
global SCREEN_X
global SCREEN_Y
ImgX = SCREEN_X / N
ImgY = SCREEN_Y / M
return (ImgX, ImgY)

def CopyFile(src_fp, dest_fp):
"""Copy a file intelligently"""
data = src_fp.read(49152) # Copy 48k at a time
while data:
dest_fp.write(data)
data = src_fp.read(49152)
# Note: shutils.copyfileobj does this too.

if len(sys.argv) != 1:
print "Usage: %s" % (sys.argv[0])
print
print "Config file is located in %s" % CONFIG_FILE
sys.exit(1)

# Make sure the config file is readable and that it is a regular file
# There is a better way to do this that we will learn later.
if not os.access(CONFIG_FILE, os.R_OK) or not os.path.isfile(CONFIG_FILE):
print "Error: %s could not be opened!" % CONFIG_FILE
sys.exit(2)

urls = [] # Url to download from. Read from config file
captions = [] # Captions for each image. Read from config file
filenames = [] # Temporary file names

config_fp = open(CONFIG_FILE, 'r')
line = config_fp.readline()
N=0
while line:
params = line.split(":::")
urls.append(params[0].strip())
captions.append(params[1].strip())
line = config_fp.readline()
N+=1
config_fp.close()

# Download each url. This is how to iterate over mutliple lists at once
for url, caption in zip(urls, captions):
url_fp = urllib2.urlopen(url)
# The following two lines are the preffered way to open a temporary
# file.
fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
img_fp = os.fdopen(fd, 'w')
filenames.append(name)
CopyFile(url_fp, img_fp)
url_fp.close()
img_fp.close() # The data won't appear in img_fp until it's closed
# Use the ImageMagick suite from the shell to add a caption
os.system("convert '%s' -set comment '%s' '%s'" % \
(name, caption, name))

# Figure out the parameters
tilex, tiley = GetTiles(N)
imgx, imgy = GetImageSize(tilex, tiley)

# Use ImageMagick again to assemble the wallpaper
cmd = "montage -geometry %dx%d \
-tile %dx%d \
-set caption '%%c' \
-pointsize 32 \
-size %dx%d \
-texture plasma: \
+polaroid \
-background black " % (imgx, imgy, tilex, tiley,
SCREEN_X, SCREEN_Y)

# Add each image file to the command string
for filename in filenames:
cmd += '"%s" ' % filename

# Add the output file to the command string and execute
cmd += TARGET
os.system(cmd)

# Cleanup
for filename in filenames:
os.unlink(filename) # In ksh: rm $filename

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