最简单的DHCP服务,简单DHCP服务


 

   这几天在准备网络安装linux操作系统。最后决定用pxe + kickstart 的方式完成。原理、方案弄完了之后,开始搭建,结果被DHCP给挡住了。这不就得研究研究最简单最实用的DHCP使用方法。

 

   * 红色的是必须有

   * 绿色的是要注意

   * 蓝色的是包安装时,要有的程序包

 

           1. DHCP的实现

           2. 配置文件实例

               实例1

               实例2

   -----------------------------------------------------------------

1. DHCP的实现

DHCP服务必须给本网段提供一个地址池。

# yum -y install dhcp-devel
# rpm -aq | grep dhcp
   dhcp-4.1.1-38.P1.el6.centos.i686
   dhcp-devel-4.1.1-38.P1.el6.centos.i686

# cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
# vi dhcpd.conf
   ddns-update-style interim;
   default-lease-time 21600;
   max-lease-time 43200;
   option domain-name “test.com”;
   option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.1,202.106.0.20;
subnet
192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.2550 { range 192.168.1.128 192.168.1.254; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; option routers 192.168.1.1; } host server01 { hardware ethernet 0:c0:c3:22:46:81; fixed-address 192.168.1.11; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; option routers 192.168.1.1; } subnet 117.34.70.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { default-lease-time 21600; max-lease-time 43200; option routers 117.34.70.1; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; }

 

一台主机有多块网卡,需要在某个网卡上启用DHCP服务时,需要配置如下:

# vi /etc/sysconfig/dhcpd
   # Command line options here

   DHCPDARGS="eth0"

 

------------------------------

2. 配置文件实例

简单的样例:(红色部分必须有)

 

# vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
   # dhcpd.conf
   # Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd
   # option definitions common to all supported networks...
   option domain-name "example.org";
   option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;
   default-lease-time 600;
   max-lease-time 7200;
   # Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally.
   ddns-update-style none;
   # If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local
   # network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.
   #authoritative;
   # Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also
   # have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).
   log-facility local7;

   # No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the
   # DHCP server to understand the network topology.
   subnet 117.34.73.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

   }

   subnet 10.152.187.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

   }

   # vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
   default-lease-time 600;
   max-lease-time 7200;
   ddns-update-style none;
   subnet 117.34.73.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

   }

 

   -----------------------------------------------------------------

* 注意:

    ● 如果主机网卡比较多,可以选择一块作为服务网卡。

        vi /etc/sysconfig/dhcpd

        # Command line options here
        DHCPDARGS="em1:1"
    ● 提供服务的网卡必需是 非自动获取 的地址。

        ifconfig eth0 172.16.40.129/25 up

    ● 服务提供的地址池必需包含本地提供服务的地址在里面。

    ● 地址池(range)不能与作用域(subnet)冲突。

    ● 其他的参数、选项没有也可以启动的。所以可以不设置,因为这里是为了网络安装。

    ● 如果配置了这里所说的最简单的 dhcp 服务,却无法启动。就剩下一个原因,每句后面有没有分号。

 

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