Linux中的颜色方案

Linux中的颜色方案

在linux下可以自定义自己的颜色方案，不管是linux命令提示符的颜色，还是stdout的输出颜色。
在 /etc/DIR_COLORS 下可以找到如下说明：
 
Shell代码 
[root@CentOS ~] 
#cat /etc/DIR_COLORS  
 
# Below are the color init strings for the basic file types. A color init 
# string consists of one or more of the following numeric codes: 
# Attribute codes:  
# 00=none 01=bold 04=underscore 05=blink 07=reverse 08=concealed 
# Text color codes: 
# 30=black 31=red 32=green 33=yellow 34=blue 35=magenta 36=cyan 37=white 
# Background color codes: 
# 40=black 41=red 42=green 43=yellow 44=blue 45=magenta 46=cyan 47=white 
NORMAL 00       # global default, although everything should be something. 
FILE 00         # normal file 
DIR 01;34       # directory 
LINK 01;36      # symbolic link 
FIFO 40;33      # pipe 
SOCK 01;35      # socket 
BLK 40;33;01    # block device driver 
CHR 40;33;01    # character device driver 
ORPHAN 01;05;37;41  # orphaned syminks 
MISSING 01;05;37;41 # ... and the files they point to 
 
 
--最重要的部分在这里：
 
Txt代码 
# Attribute codes:  
# 00=none 01=bold 04=underscore 05=blink 07=reverse 08=concealed 
# Text color codes: 
# 30=black 31=red 32=green 33=yellow 34=blue 35=magenta 36=cyan 37=white 
# Background color codes: 
# 40=black 41=red 42=green 43=yellow 44=blue 45=magenta 46=cyan 47=white 
 
 
下面 举两个例子：
 
1、让输出的字符带上颜色
定义一个脚本：
 
Shell代码 
#!/bin/bash 
# 先定义一些颜色: 
red='\e[0;31m'          # 红色 
RED='\e[1;31m'          # 红色+粗体（后面以此类推） 
green='\e[0;32m'        # 绿色 
GREEN='\e[1;32m' 
yellow='\e[0;33m'       # 黄色 
YELLOW='\e[1;33m' 
blue='\e[0;34m'         # 蓝色 
BLUE='\e[1;34m' 
purple='\e[0;35m'       # 紫色 
PURPLE='\e[1;35m' 
cyan='\e[0;36m'         # 蓝绿色 
CYAN='\e[1;36m' 
WHITE='\e[1;37m'        # 白色 
NC='\e[0m' # 没有颜色 
 
echo -e "${CYAN}This is BASH ${RED}${BASH_VERSION%.*}${CYAN} - DISPLAY on ${RED}$DISPLAY${NC}\n" 
echo -e "${RED}RED ${BLUE}BLUE ${cyan}cyan ${GREEN}GREEN${NC}" 
echo -e "${CYAN}white ${WHITE}blod white ${NC} no color!!" 
echo "${CYAN}white ${WHITE}blod white ${NC} no color!!"    #注意这句 
 
运行结果如下：

 
注：这里要加上 -e 参数才能正确输出颜色。
（ -e 的解释：-e     enable interpretation of backslash escapes | 大致意思是允许解释反斜杠）

2、修改命令提示符（也就是：[root@CentOS ~]# ）
我们可以给 [root@CentOS ~]#  加上颜色和自定义格式：

修改 /etc/bashrc 来达成我们的目的：
vi /ete/bashrc，跟上面一样，大概修改成下面的样子（颜色可以自己换）
Shell代码 
    red='\e[0;31m'          # 红色 
    cyan='\e[0;36m'         # 蓝绿色 
    NC='\e[0m' # 没有颜色 
# [ "$PS1" = "\\s-\\v\\\$ " ] && PS1="[\u@\h \W]\\$ " 
[ "$PS1" = "\\s-\\v\\\$ " ] && PS1="[${red}\u${NC}@${cyan}\h${NC} \W]\\$ " 
 
然后保存退出，重新登录终端，输出结果如下：

 
颜色已经改变，不在是默认的全白色啦~

关于命令提示符的格式，请参考这个：
Txt代码 
\a : an ASCII bell character (07) 
\d : the date in "Weekday Month Date" format (e.g., "Tue May 26") 
\D{format} :    the format is passed to strftime(3) and the result is inserted into the prompt string; an empty format results in a locale-specific time representation. The braces are required 
\e : an ASCII escape character (033) 
\h : the hostname up to the first '.' 
\H : the hostname 
\j : the number of jobs currently managed by the shell 
\l : the basename of the shell’s terminal device name 
\n : newline 
\r : carriage return 
\s : the name of the shell, the basename of $0 (the portion following the final slash) 
\t : the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format 
\T : the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format 
\@ : the current time in 12-hour am/pm format 
\A : the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format 
\u : the username of the current user 
\v : the version of bash (e.g., 2.00) 
\V : the release of bash, version + patch level (e.g., 2.00.0) 
\w : the current working directory, with $HOME abbreviated with a tilde 
\W : the basename of the current working directory, with $HOME abbreviated with a tilde 
\! : the history number of this command 
\# : the command number of this command 
\$ : if the effective UID is 0, a #, otherwise a $ 
\nnn : the character corresponding to the octal number nnn 
\\ : a backslash 
\[ : begin a sequence of non-printing characters, which could be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the prompt 
\] : end a sequence of non-printing characters 
 
最好的办法就是一次全部打印出来试试，嘿嘿。

---------------------------------------------------------华丽的结束符------------------------------------------------
 
希望对你也有所帮助，tks……

作者“成长的日子”