liunxssh与vncview安全&quot;行&quot;

文章由LinuxBoy分享于2019-03-25 03:03:00热评（365）

liunxssh与vncview安全"行"

SSH 为 Secure Shell 的缩写，由 IETF 的网络工作小组（Network Working Group）所制定；SSH 为建立在应用层和传输层基础上的安全协议。SSH 是目前较可靠，专为远程登录会话和其他网络服务提供安全性的协议。利用 SSH 协议可以有效防止远程管理过程中的信息泄露问题。

VNC (Virtual Network Computer)是虚拟网络计算机的缩写。VNC 是一款优秀的远程控制工具软件，由著名的 AT&T 的欧洲研究实验室开发的。VNC 是在基于 UNIX 和 Linux 操作系统的免费的开源软件，远程控制能力强大，高效实用，其性能可以和Windows 和 MAC 中的任何远程控制软件媲美。在 Linux 中，VNC 包括以下四个命令：vncserver，vncviewer，vncpasswd，和 vncconnect。大多数情况下用户只需要其中的两个命令：vncserver 和 vncviewer。但是VNC 是明文的,不安全的.连接过程可能会被窃听,干扰.可以使用SSH通道加密,然后再由远程主机的回环地址通信,加大了安全性。

下面就给大家演示一个ssh配合vncview访问的例子。下面就给大家演示一个ssh配合vncview访问的例子。这个例子适合redhat|Centos|OEL6以上本，redhat|Centos|OEL5配置不一样。

1.服务端设置(192.168.1.102)

1.1 安装vnc

[root@cent2 ~]# yum -y install tigervnc tigervnc-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
…………………..
…………………
Complete!
[root@cent2 ~]# rpm -qa tigervnc
tigervnc-1.1.0-8.el6_5.x86_64
[root@cent2 ~]#

1.2 修改参数文件

[root@cent2 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/vncservers 
# The VNCSERVERS variable is a list of display:user pairs.
#
# Uncomment the lines below to start a VNC server on display :2
# as my 'myusername' (adjust this to your own).  You will also
# need to set a VNC password; run 'man vncpasswd' to see how
# to do that.  
#
# DO NOT RUN THIS SERVICE if your local area network is
# untrusted!  For a secure way of using VNC, see this URL:
# http://kbase.redhat.com/faq/docs/DOC-7028

# Use "-nolisten tcp" to prevent X connections to your VNC server via TCP.

# Use "-localhost" to prevent remote VNC clients connecting except when
# doing so through a secure tunnel.  See the "-via" option in the
# `man vncviewer' manual page.

# VNCSERVERS="2:myusername"
# VNCSERVERARGS[2]="-geometry 800x600 -nolisten tcp -localhost"

VNCSERVERS="1:oracle 2:grid"
VNCSERVERARGS[1]="-geometry 1024x768 -nolisten tcp"
VNCSERVERARGS[2]="-geometry 1024x768 -nolisten tcp -SecurityTypes None"
[root@cent2 ~]#

主要添加了2个vnc用户,oracle用户和grid用户，VNCSERVERARGS[1]表示oracle用户分辨率和协议。但是VNCSERVERARGS[2]代表的grid用户不用输入密码就可以连接。

1.3 为用户设计vnc密码

[root@cent2 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@cent2 ~]$ 
[oracle@cent2 ~]$ vncpasswd
Password:
Verify:
[oracle@cent2 ~]$ 
[oracle@cent2 ~]$ exit
logout
[root@cent2 ~]# 
[root@cent2 ~]# su - grid
[grid@cent2 ~]$ 
[grid@cent2 ~]$ vncpasswd
Password:
Verify:
[grid@cent2 ~]$

这样做的好处，就是系统用户密码和vnc用户密码分开。

1.4 启动vnc

[root@cent2 ~]# service vncserver start
Starting VNC server: 1:oracle xauth:  creating new authority file /home/oracle/.Xauthority

New 'cent2:1 (oracle)' desktop is cent2:1

Creating default startup script /home/oracle/.vnc/xstartup
Starting applications specified in /home/oracle/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /home/oracle/.vnc/cent2:1.log

2:grid xauth:  creating new authority file /home/grid/.Xauthority

New 'cent2:2 (grid)' desktop is cent2:2

Creating default startup script /home/grid/.vnc/xstartup
Starting applications specified in /home/grid/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /home/grid/.vnc/cent2:2.log

[  OK  ]
[root@cent2 ~]#

1.5 测试

如果要连接Z喎?http://www.Bkjia.com/kf/ware/vc/" target="_blank" class="keylink">vcmFjbGXTw7uno6zEx77Nysc1OTAxwcuho9Xisd/Wu8rHsuLK1M/Co6x0aWdlcnZuY8rHt/HF5NbDusOho8/Cw+ayxcrHxeTWw3NzaLe9yr21xMGsvdOhowogICAKPGgxPiAyLr/Nu6e2y8no1sOjqDE5Mi4xNjguMS4xMDOjqTwvaDE+CjxoMj4gIDIuMSB3aW5kb3e/zbuntss8L2gyPgogICB3aW5kb3e/zbuntsvR6dakt73KvaOsztLDx9PDtcS5pL7fysdDUlQKPGltZyBzcmM9"http://www.2cto.com/uploadfile/Collfiles/20140909/20140909090917109.png" width="700" alt="\">
如果图片，右键直接打开图片的URL好了，分比率挺大的图片。通过上面的设置，就把服务器的5901端口映射到本地的5901了，在用vnc工具的时候，就要连接本地了。

大家看到了没有，这里连接的就是本地的127.0.0.1:5901了。

2.2 liunx客户端

利用ssh 映射服务端(192.168.1.102)的5901端口到本地的5901端口

[root@cent1 Desktop]# ssh -L 5901:localhost:5901 192.168.1.102
The authenticity of host '192.168.1.102 (192.168.1.102)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is ea:d9:cd:1e:5a:51:79:07:19:d2:e3:50:99:3f:35:a6.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.102' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
Address 192.168.1.102 maps to localhost, but this does not map back to the address - POSSIBLE BREAK-IN ATTEMPT!
root@192.168.1.102's password: 
Last login: Sun Sep  7 18:55:25 2014 from 192.168.1.101
[root@cent2 ~]#

开启vncviewer

root@cent1 Desktop]# vncviewer 127.0.0.1:5901

TigerVNC Viewer for X version 1.1.0 - built Feb  4 2014 05:24:41
Copyright (C) 1999-2011 TigerVNC Team and many others (see README.txt)
See http://www.tigervnc.org for information on TigerVNC.

Sun Sep  7 11:24:11 2014
 CConn:       connected to host 127.0.0.1 port 5901
 CConnection: Server supports RFB protocol version 3.8
 CConnection: Using RFB protocol version 3.8

Sun Sep  7 11:24:17 2014
 TXImage:     Using default colormap and visual, TrueColor, depth 24.
 CConn:       Using pixel format depth 24 (32bpp) little-endian rgb888
 CConn:       Using Tight encoding

这样就配置好了，可以在liunx里面登陆了。

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