Redhat5.8环境下编译安装Redis并将其注册为系统服务

系统环境：
$ cat /etc/issue
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.8 (Tikanga)
Kernel \r on an \m

1. 下载安装

1.1 下载

官方下载地址：http://redis.io/download
下载最新稳定版 redis-3.0.4.tar.gz，大小仅 1.3 MB。

1.2 安装

将下载的安装包放在用户目录下，如 /home/webapp，打算将其安装到 /opt/redis：
$ sudo mkdir /opt/redis
$ cd /home/webapp
$ tar xzf redis-3.0.4.tar.gz
$ cd redis-3.0.4
$ sudo make PREFIX=/opt/redis install
之后查看 /opt/redis，下边只生成了一个目录，该目录下只有六个文件：
redis-benchmark redis-check-dump redis-sentinel
redis-check-aof redis-cli redis-server
安装完成。

2. 注册为系统服务

2.1 编辑服务脚本

查看安装包自带服务脚本：

$ cat /home/webapp/redis-3.0.4/utils/redis_init_script
#!/bin/sh
#
# Simple Redis init.d script conceived to work on Linux systems
# as it does use of the /proc filesystem.

REDISPORT=6379
EXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-server
CLIEXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-cli

PIDFILE=/var/run/redis_${REDISPORT}.pid
CONF="/etc/redis/${REDISPORT}.conf"

case "$1" in
start)
if [ -f $PIDFILE ]
then
echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed"
else
echo "Starting Redis server..."
$EXEC $CONF
fi
;;
stop)
if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ]
then
echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running"
else
PID=$(cat $PIDFILE)
echo "Stopping ..."
$CLIEXEC -p $REDISPORT shutdown
while [ -x /proc/${PID} ]
do
echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..."
sleep 1
done
echo "Redis stopped"
fi
;;
*)
echo "Please use start or stop as first argument"
;;
esac

将其拷贝到 /etc/rc.d/init.d 目录并重命名为 redis：
$ sudo cp /home/webapp/redis-3.0.4/utils/redis_init_script /etc/rc.d/init.d/redis
然后依据 redis 的安装路径修改 /etc/rc.d/init.d/redis 为：

#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig: 2345 90 10
# description: Redis is a persistent key-value database
# Simple Redis init.d script conceived to work on Linux systems
# as it does use of the /proc filesystem.

REDISPORT=6379
EXEC=/opt/redis/bin/redis-server
CLIEXEC=/opt/redis/bin/redis-cli

PIDFILE=/var/run/redis_${REDISPORT}.pid
CONF="/opt/redis/${REDISPORT}.conf"

case "$1" in
start)
if [ -f $PIDFILE ]
then
echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed"
else
echo "Starting Redis server..."
$EXEC $CONF &
fi
;;
stop)
if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ]
then
echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running"
else
PID=$(cat $PIDFILE)
echo "Stopping ..."
$CLIEXEC -p $REDISPORT shutdown
while [ -x /proc/${PID} ]
do
echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..."
sleep 1
done
echo "Redis stopped"
fi
;;
*)
echo "Please use start or stop as first argument"
;;
esac

注意红色字体部分：
chkconfig、description 两行注释必须，否则 service redis does not support chkconfig；$EXEC $CONF &，后边的 &，表示将服务转到后台运行；EXEC、CLIEXEC、CONF 等三处路径都要改。

2.2 复制配置文件

将 /home/webapp/redis-3.0.4 下提供的 redis.conf 默认配置文件拷贝到 redis 安装根目录下并重命名为 6379.conf：
$ cp /home/webapp/redis-3.0.4/redis.conf /opt/redis/6379.conf

2.3 环境变量设置

追加以下内容到 /etc/profile 文件：
/opt/redis/bin:/sbin:$PATH
执行 . /etc/profile 以使配置立即生效并使用 echo $PATH 验证之。

2.4 服务注册

$ chkconfig --add redis
No news is good news，没有任何输出证明服务注册成功。
如果提示 chkconfig command not found，首先 rpm -q chkconfig 检查是否安装了 chkconfig，已安装的话检查 PATH 里是否有 /sbin。

3. 服务启动及验证

$ sudo service redis start
服务启动，执行
$ redis-cli ping
PONG
表明服务已启动。