CentOS6.3 x86_64位安装xfce4桌面vncserver服务

文章由LinuxBoy分享于2019-03-27 07:03:04热评（601）

CentOS6.3 x86_64位安装xfce4桌面vncserver服务

注意这里用的是最小化安装纯净系统212个包CentOS-6.3-x86_64-minimal.iso

1，wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/Fedora-epel//6/x86_64/epel-release-6-7.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh epel-release-6-7.noarch.rpm
其目的是生产epel的yum源文件
# ls
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo epel.repo epel-testing.repo
2，# yum groupinfo xfce
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, presto
Setting up Group Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: kartolo.sby.datautama.net.id
epel/group_gz | 229 kB 00:05

Group: Xfce
Description: 一个能在低端机器上良好运行的轻便桌面环境。
Mandatory Packages:
   Thunar
   xfce-utils
   xfce4-panel
   xfce4-session
   xfce4-settings
   xfconf
   xfdesktop
   xfwm4
Default Packages:
   NetworkManager-gnome
   Terminal
   gdm
   leafpad
   openssh-askpass
   orage
   polkit-gnome
   thunar-archive-plugin
   thunar-volman
   tumbler
   xfce4-appfinder
   xfce4-icon-theme
   xfce4-mixer
   xfce4-power-manager
   xfce4-session-engines
   xfwm4-theme-nodoka
Optional Packages:
   xfwm4-themes
Conditional Packages:
   pinentry-gtk

3，# yum -y groupinstall xfce
又安装了226个包，比系统212个还多
Installed:
NetworkManager-gnome.x86_64 1:0.8.1-33.el6          Terminal.x86_64 0:0.4.7-1.el6                       Thunar.x86_64 0:1.3.0-4.el6
gdm.x86_64 1:2.30.4-33.el6_2                        leafpad.x86_64 0:0.8.18.1-1.el6                     openssh-askpass.x86_64 0:5.3p1-81.el6
orage.x86_64 0:4.8.1-3.el6                          pinentry-gtk.x86_64 0:0.7.6-6.el6                   polkit-gnome.x86_64 0:0.96-3.el6
thunar-archive-plugin.x86_64 0:0.3.0-2.el6          thunar-volman.x86_64 0:0.6.0-2.el6                  tumbler.x86_64 0:0.1.21-1.el6
xfce-utils.x86_64 0:4.8.3-1.el6                     xfce4-appfinder.x86_64 0:4.8.0-2.el6                xfce4-icon-theme.noarch 0:4.4.3-5.el6
xfce4-mixer.x86_64 0:4.8.0-1.el6                    xfce4-panel.x86_64 0:4.8.3-2.el6                    xfce4-power-manager.x86_64 0:1.0.10-1.el6
xfce4-session.x86_64 0:4.8.1-4.el6                  xfce4-session-engines.x86_64 0:4.8.1-4.el6          xfce4-settings.x86_64 0:4.8.3-1.el6
xfconf.x86_64 0:4.8.0-2.el6                         xfdesktop.x86_64 0:4.8.2-2.el6                      xfwm4.x86_64 0:4.8.3-1.el6

Dependency Installed:
ConsoleKit.x86_64 0:0.4.1-3.el6                                            ConsoleKit-libs.x86_64 0:0.4.1-3.el6
ConsoleKit-x11.x86_64 0:0.4.1-3.el6                                        DeviceKit-power.x86_64 0:014-3.el6
GConf2.x86_64 0:2.28.0-6.el6                                               GConf2-gtk.x86_64 0:2.28.0-6.el6
ModemManager.x86_64 0:0.4.0-3.git20100628.el6                              NetworkManager.x86_64 1:0.8.1-33.el6
NetworkManager-glib.x86_64 1:0.8.1-33.el6                                  ORBit2.x86_64 0:2.14.17-3.1.el6
alsa-lib.x86_64 0:1.0.22-3.el6                                             at-spi.x86_64 0:1.28.1-2.el6.centos
atk.x86_64 0:1.28.0-2.el6                                                  avahi.x86_64 0:0.6.25-11.el6
avahi-autoipd.x86_64 0:0.6.25-11.el6                                       avahi-glib.x86_64 0:0.6.25-11.el6
avahi-libs.x86_64 0:0.6.25-11.el6                                          cairo.x86_64 0:1.8.8-3.1.el6
cdparanoia-libs.x86_64 0:10.2-5.1.el6                                      control-center.x86_64 1:2.28.1-37.el6
control-center-filesystem.x86_64 1:2.28.1-37.el6                           cups-libs.x86_64 1:1.4.2-48.el6
dbus.x86_64 1:1.2.24-5.el6_1                                               dbus-x11.x86_64 1:1.2.24-5.el6_1
desktop-file-utils.x86_64 0:0.15-9.el6                                     dmidecode.x86_64 1:2.11-2.el6
dmz-cursor-themes.noarch 0:0.4-4.el6                                       dnsmasq.x86_64 0:2.48-6.el6
eggdbus.x86_64 0:0.6-3.el6                                                 evolution-data-server.x86_64 0:2.28.3-15.el6
exo.x86_64 0:0.6.2-2.el6                                                   flac.x86_64 0:1.2.1-6.1.el6
fontconfig.x86_64 0:2.8.0-3.el6                                            fortune-mod.x86_64 0:1.99.1-13.el6
freetype.x86_64 0:2.3.11-6.el6_2.9                                         garcon.x86_64 0:0.1.7-1.el6
gdm-libs.x86_64 1:2.30.4-33.el6_2                                          gnome-bluetooth-libs.x86_64 0:2.28.6-8.el6
gnome-desktop.x86_64 0:2.28.2-9.el6.centos                                 gnome-icon-theme.noarch 0:2.28.0-2.el6
gnome-keyring.x86_64 0:2.28.2-7.el6                                        gnome-keyring-pam.x86_64 0:2.28.2-7.el6
gnome-menus.x86_64 0:2.28.0-4.el6                                          gnome-panel-libs.x86_64 0:2.30.2-14.el6
gnome-python2.x86_64 0:2.28.0-3.el6                                        gnome-python2-gnome.x86_64 0:2.28.0-3.el6
gnome-python2-gnomevfs.x86_64 0:2.28.0-3.el6                               gnome-session.x86_64 0:2.28.0-18.el6
gnome-settings-daemon.x86_64 0:2.28.2-20.el6                               gnome-themes.noarch 0:2.28.1-6.el6
gnome-vfs2.x86_64 0:2.24.2-6.el6                                           gnutls.x86_64 0:2.8.5-4.el6_2.2
gstreamer.x86_64 0:0.10.29-1.el6                                           gstreamer-plugins-base.x86_64 0:0.10.29-1.el6
gstreamer-tools.x86_64 0:0.10.29-1.el6                                     gtk2.x86_64 0:2.18.9-10.el6
gtk2-engines.x86_64 0:2.18.4-5.el6.centos                                  hal.x86_64 0:0.5.14-11.el6
hal-info.noarch 0:20090716-3.1.el6                                         hal-libs.x86_64 0:0.5.14-11.el6
hdparm.x86_64 0:9.16-3.4.el6                                               hicolor-icon-theme.noarch 0:0.11-1.1.el6
iso-codes.noarch 0:3.16-2.el6                                              jasper-libs.x86_64 0:1.900.1-15.el6_1.1
lcms-libs.x86_64 0:1.19-1.el6                                              libICE.x86_64 0:1.0.6-1.el6
libIDL.x86_64 0:0.8.13-2.1.el6                                             libSM.x86_64 0:1.1.0-7.1.el6
libX11.x86_64 0:1.3-2.el6                                                  libX11-common.noarch 0:1.3-2.el6
libXScrnSaver.x86_64 0:1.2.0-1.el6                                         libXau.x86_64 0:1.0.5-1.el6
libXcomposite.x86_64 0:0.4.1-2.el6                                         libXcursor.x86_64 0:1.1.10-2.el6
libXdamage.x86_64 0:1.1.2-1.el6                                            libXdmcp.x86_64 0:1.0.3-1.el6
libXext.x86_64 0:1.1-3.el6                                                 libXfixes.x86_64 0:4.0.4-1.el6
libXfont.x86_64 0:1.4.1-2.el6_1                                            libXft.x86_64 0:2.1.13-4.1.el6
libXi.x86_64 0:1.3-3.el6                                                   libXinerama.x86_64 0:1.1-1.el6
libXmu.x86_64 0:1.0.5-1.el6                                                libXrandr.x86_64 0:1.3.0-4.el6
libXrender.x86_64 0:0.9.5-1.el6                                            libXres.x86_64 0:1.0.4-1.el6
libXt.x86_64 0:1.0.7-1.el6                                                 libXtst.x86_64 0:1.0.99.2-3.el6
libXv.x86_64 0:1.0.5-1.el6                                                 libXxf86misc.x86_64 0:1.0.2-1.el6
libXxf86vm.x86_64 0:1.1.0-1.el6                                            libart_lgpl.x86_64 0:2.3.20-5.1.el6
libasyncns.x86_64 0:0.8-1.1.el6                                            libbonobo.x86_64 0:2.24.2-5.el6
libbonoboui.x86_64 0:2.24.2-3.el6                                          libcanberra.x86_64 0:0.22-1.el6.centos
libcanberra-gtk2.x86_64 0:0.22-1.el6.centos                                libdaemon.x86_64 0:0.14-1.el6
libexif.x86_64 0:0.6.16-4.1.el6                                            libfontenc.x86_64 0:1.0.5-2.el6
libgail-gnome.x86_64 0:1.20.1-4.1.el6.centos                               libglade2.x86_64 0:2.6.4-3.1.el6
libgnome.x86_64 0:2.28.0-11.el6                                            libgnomecanvas.x86_64 0:2.26.0-4.el6
libgnomekbd.x86_64 0:2.28.2-2.el6                                          libgnomeui.x86_64 0:2.24.1-4.el6
libgudev1.x86_64 0:147-2.42.el6                                            libgweather.x86_64 0:2.28.0-5.el6
libical.x86_64 0:0.43-5.1.el6                                              libjpeg.x86_64 0:6b-46.el6
libmcpp.x86_64 0:2.7.2-4.1.el6                                             libnotify.x86_64 0:0.5.0-1.el6
libogg.x86_64 2:1.1.4-2.1.el6                                              liboil.x86_64 0:0.3.16-4.1.el6
libpcap.x86_64 14:1.0.0-6.20091201git117cb5.el6                            libpng.x86_64 2:1.2.49-1.el6_2
libproxy.x86_64 0:0.3.0-2.el6                                              libproxy-bin.x86_64 0:0.3.0-2.el6
libproxy-python.x86_64 0:0.3.0-2.el6                                       libsndfile.x86_64 0:1.0.20-5.el6
libsoup.x86_64 0:2.28.2-1.el6_1.1                                          libtasn1.x86_64 0:2.3-3.el6_2.1
libtdb.x86_64 0:1.2.1-3.el6                                                libthai.x86_64 0:0.1.12-3.el6
libtheora.x86_64 1:1.1.0-2.el6                                             libtiff.x86_64 0:3.9.4-6.el6_3
libtool-ltdl.x86_64 0:2.2.6-15.5.el6                                       libvisual.x86_64 0:0.4.0-9.1.el6
libvorbis.x86_64 1:1.2.3-4.el6_2.1                                         libwacom.x86_64 0:0.5-3.el6
libwacom-data.noarch 0:0.5-3.el6                                           libwnck.x86_64 0:2.28.0-3.el6
libxcb.x86_64 0:1.5-1.el6                                                  libxfce4ui.x86_64 0:4.8.0-4.el6
libxfce4util.x86_64 0:4.8.1-2.el6                                          libxkbfile.x86_64 0:1.0.6-1.1.el6
libxklavier.x86_64 0:4.0-9.el6                                             libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.26-2.el6
mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.31-2.el6                                              mcpp.x86_64 0:2.7.2-4.1.el6
metacity.x86_64 0:2.28.0-23.el6                                            mobile-broadband-provider-info.noarch 0:1.20100122-1.el6
notification-daemon.x86_64 0:0.5.0-1.el6                                   openjpeg-libs.x86_64 0:1.3-8.el6_3
pango.x86_64 0:1.28.1-3.el6_0.5.1.centos                                   perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.020-127.el6
perl-Compress-Zlib.x86_64 0:2.020-127.el6                                  perl-HTML-Parser.x86_64 0:3.64-2.el6
perl-HTML-Tagset.noarch 0:3.20-4.el6                                       perl-IO-Compress-Base.x86_64 0:2.020-127.el6
perl-IO-Compress-Zlib.x86_64 0:2.020-127.el6                               perl-URI.noarch 0:1.40-2.el6
perl-XML-Parser.x86_64 0:2.36-7.el6                                        perl-libwww-perl.noarch 0:5.833-2.el6
pixman.x86_64 0:0.18.4-1.el6_0.1                                           pkgconfig.x86_64 1:0.23-9.1.el6
plymouth-gdm-hooks.x86_64 0:0.8.3-24.el6.centos                            plymouth-utils.x86_64 0:0.8.3-24.el6.centos
pm-utils.x86_64 0:1.2.5-9.el6                                              polkit.x86_64 0:0.96-2.el6_0.1
polkit-desktop-policy.noarch 0:0.96-2.el6_0.1                              poppler.x86_64 0:0.12.4-3.el6_0.1
poppler-data.noarch 0:0.4.0-1.el6                                          poppler-glib.x86_64 0:0.12.4-3.el6_0.1
ppp.x86_64 0:2.4.5-5.el6                                                   pulseaudio-gdm-hooks.x86_64 0:0.9.21-14.el6_3
pulseaudio-libs.x86_64 0:0.9.21-14.el6_3                                   pulseaudio-libs-glib2.x86_64 0:0.9.21-14.el6_3
pycairo.x86_64 0:1.8.6-2.1.el6                                             pygobject2.x86_64 0:2.20.0-5.el6
pygtk2.x86_64 0:2.16.0-3.el6                                               rarian.x86_64 0:0.8.1-5.1.el6
rarian-compat.x86_64 0:0.8.1-5.1.el6                                       recode.x86_64 0:3.6-28.1.el6
RedHat-menus.noarch 0:14.0.0-3.el6                                         sgml-common.noarch 0:0.6.3-32.el6
shared-mime-info.x86_64 0:0.70-4.el6                                       sound-theme-freedesktop.noarch 0:0.7-3.el6
startup-notification.x86_64 0:0.10-2.1.el6                                 system-gnome-theme.noarch 0:60.0.2-1.el6
system-icon-theme.noarch 0:6.0.0-2.el6                                     system-setup-keyboard.x86_64 0:0.7-4.el6
usermode.x86_64 0:1.102-3.el6                                              vte.x86_64 0:0.25.1-7.el6
wpa_supplicant.x86_64 1:0.7.3-3.el6                                        xcb-util.x86_64 0:0.3.6-1.el6
xfce4-doc.noarch 0:4.8.3-1.el6                                             xkeyboard-config.noarch 0:2.3-1.el6
xml-common.noarch 0:0.6.3-32.el6                                           xorg-x11-drv-evdev.x86_64 0:2.6.0-2.el6
xorg-x11-drv-vesa.x86_64 0:2.3.0-2.el6                                     xorg-x11-drv-void.x86_64 0:1.4.0-1.el6
xorg-x11-drv-wacom.x86_64 0:0.13.0-6.el6                                   xorg-x11-server-Xorg.x86_64 0:1.10.6-1.el6.centos
xorg-x11-server-common.x86_64 0:1.10.6-1.el6.centos                        xorg-x11-server-utils.x86_64 0:7.5-5.2.el6
xorg-x11-xauth.x86_64 1:1.0.2-7.1.el6                                      xorg-x11-xinit.x86_64 0:1.0.9-13.el6
xorg-x11-xkb-utils.x86_64 0:7.4-6.el6                                      zenity.x86_64 0:2.28.0-1.el6

Dependency Updated:
libudev.x86_64 0:147-2.42.el6

Complete!

4，安装vncserver
# yum -y install tigervnc-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, presto
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package tigervnc-server.x86_64 0:1.0.90-0.17.20110314svn4359.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: xorg-x11-fonts-misc for package: tigervnc-server-1.0.90-0.17.20110314svn4359.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mesa-dri-drivers for package: tigervnc-server-1.0.90-0.17.20110314svn4359.el6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mesa-dri-drivers.x86_64 0:7.11-5.el6 will be installed
---> Package xorg-x11-fonts-misc.noarch 0:7.2-9.1.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mkfontdir for package: xorg-x11-fonts-misc-7.2-9.1.el6.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: mkfontdir for package: xorg-x11-fonts-misc-7.2-9.1.el6.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package xorg-x11-font-utils.x86_64 1:7.2-11.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================================================================================================
Package                                  Arch                        Version                                                Repository                 Size
=============================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
tigervnc-server                          x86_64                      1.0.90-0.17.20110314svn4359.el6                        base                      1.1 M
Installing for dependencies:
mesa-dri-drivers                         x86_64                      7.11-5.el6                                             base                       11 M
xorg-x11-font-utils                      x86_64                      1:7.2-11.el6                                           base                       75 k
xorg-x11-fonts-misc                      noarch                      7.2-9.1.el6                                            base                      5.8 M

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================
Install 4 Package(s)

Total download size: 18 M
Installed size: 48 M
Downloading Packages:
Setting up and reading Presto delta metadata
Processing delta metadata
Package(s) data still to download: 18 M
(1/4): mesa-dri-drivers-7.11-5.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                                                         | 11 MB     00:40
(2/4): tigervnc-server-1.0.90-0.17.20110314svn4359.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                                     | 1.1 MB     00:02
(3/4): xorg-x11-font-utils-7.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                                                      | 75 kB     00:00
(4/4): xorg-x11-fonts-misc-7.2-9.1.el6.noarch.rpm                                                                                     | 5.8 MB     00:18
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                                                                        259 kB/s | 18 MB     01:10
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : 1:xorg-x11-font-utils-7.2-11.el6.x86_64                                                                                                   1/4
Installing : xorg-x11-fonts-misc-7.2-9.1.el6.noarch                                                                                                    2/4
Installing : mesa-dri-drivers-7.11-5.el6.x86_64                                                                                                        3/4
Installing : tigervnc-server-1.0.90-0.17.20110314svn4359.el6.x86_64                                                                                    4/4
Verifying : mesa-dri-drivers-7.11-5.el6.x86_64                                                                                                        1/4
Verifying : tigervnc-server-1.0.90-0.17.20110314svn4359.el6.x86_64                                                                                    2/4
Verifying : xorg-x11-fonts-misc-7.2-9.1.el6.noarch                                                                                                    3/4
Verifying : 1:xorg-x11-font-utils-7.2-11.el6.x86_64                                                                                                   4/4

Installed:
tigervnc-server.x86_64 0:1.0.90-0.17.20110314svn4359.el6

Dependency Installed:
mesa-dri-drivers.x86_64 0:7.11-5.el6 xorg-x11-font-utils.x86_64 1:7.2-11.el6 xorg-x11-fonts-misc.noarch 0:7.2-9.1.el6

Complete!

5，生成帐号配置文件
# vncserver

You will require a password to access your desktops.

Password:
Verify:
xauth: (stdin):1: bad display name "bogon:1" in "add" command

New 'bogon:1 (root)' desktop is bogon:1

Creating default startup script /root/.vnc/xstartup
Starting applications specified in /root/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /root/.vnc/bogon:1.log

# su - tao
$ vncserver

You will require a password to access your desktops.

Password:
Verify:
xauth: (stdin):1: bad display name "bogon:2" in "add" command

New 'bogon:2 (tao)' desktop is bogon:2

Creating default startup script /home/tao/.vnc/xstartup
Starting applications specified in /home/tao/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /home/tao/.vnc/bogon:2.log

$ ls .vnc/
bogon:2.log bogon:2.pid passwd xstartup

6，修改xstartup用xfce4桌面
[root@localhost ~]# cat ~/.vnc/xstartup
#!/bin/sh
/usr/bin/startxfce4 &

7，修改vncservers配置文件该文件可以设置客户端帐号连接信息
# tail -n 3 /etc/sysconfig/vncservers
VNCSERVERS="1:root 2:tao "
VNCSERVERARGS[1]="-geometry 1024x768"
VNCSERVERARGS[2]="-geometry 1024x768"

8，开启vncserver服务
# /etc/init.d/vncserver restart
关闭 VNC 服务器：[确定]
正在启动 VNC 服务器：1:root
New 'localhost:1 (root)' desktop is localhost:1

Starting applications specified in /root/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /root/.vnc/localhost:1.log

2:tao
New 'localhost:2 (tao)' desktop is localhost:2

Starting applications specified in /home/tao/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /home/tao/.vnc/localhost:2.log

[确定]
# chkconfig vncserver on

9，关闭selinux，设置防火墙
# grep SELINUX /etc/sysconfig/selinux
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
# getenforce
Disabled
# iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
ACCEPT     all -- anywhere             anywhere            state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT     icmp -- anywhere             anywhere
ACCEPT     all -- anywhere             anywhere
ACCEPT     tcp -- anywhere             anywhere            state NEW tcp dpt:ssh
ACCEPT     tcp -- anywhere             anywhere            state NEW tcp dpts:5901:5902
REJECT     all -- anywhere             anywhere            reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
REJECT all -- anywhere anywhere reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

10，客户端连接