Linux环境下sqlldr一个csv文件


本来是练习三思的书里一个sqlldr的小示例,就是把excel文件另存为csv后通过sqlldr加载到Oracle数据库中。其目的本来是为了演示一下csv文件的sqlldr以及csv文件中的字符串中存在逗号, 和双引号”的处理方法,结果却引出了一个让我困惑了一阵子的问题,说大不大说小不小,反复测试了一番,怀疑到了一个点上,最后一查果然是那个样子,再测试就通过了,下面总结一下。
 
顺便记录一个:

三思说要创建scott这个经典的schema要运行$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/scott.sql这个脚本的内容,而实际上我并没找到这个脚本,找到并运行的是utlsampl.sql
 
excel是这样子的:

SMITH CLEAK 3904
ALLEN SALER,M 2891
WARD SALER,"S" 3128
KING PRESIDENT 2523


 

另存为'ldr_case2.csv'后内容是:

SMITH,CLEAK,3904
ALLEN,"SALER,M",2891
WARD,"SALER,""S""",3128
KING,PRESIDENT,2523

一切看起都挺正常的,然后将csv上传到Oracle所在的linux服务器上,写好control文件:

load data
infile 'ldr_case2.csv'
truncate into table bonus
fields terminated by ',' optionally enclosed by '"'
(ename,job,sal)

执行加载后日志显示为失败:

Table BONUS, loaded from every logical record.
Insert option in effect for this table: TRUNCATE

  Column Name                  Position  Len  Term Encl Datatype
------------------------------ ---------- ----- ---- ---- ---------------------
ENAME                              FIRST    *  ,  O(") CHARACTER
JOB                                  NEXT    *  ,  O(") CHARACTER
SAL                                  NEXT    *  ,  O(") CHARACTER

Record 1: Rejected - Error on table BONUS, column SAL.
ORA-01722: invalid number

Record 2: Rejected - Error on table BONUS, column SAL.
ORA-01722: invalid number

Record 3: Rejected - Error on table BONUS, column SAL.
ORA-01722: invalid number

Record 4: Rejected - Error on table BONUS, column SAL.
ORA-01722: invalid number

反复测试后,终于发现我把文件中的内容放到在linux下新建的文件中,加载OK,但是看起内容一样的csv怎么改都不行,我就怀疑看起来一样的东西是不是隐藏了什么不为我察觉的差异。带着这个疑问上网搜索了一下,果然有人遇到相同的问题,隐藏的差异就是csv文件行末藏了回车符。在linux下查看对比:
 
[oracle@nathan-rhel5 ~]$ cat -v ldr_case2.csv
SMITH,CLEAK,3904^M
ALLEN,"SALER,M",2891^M
WARD,"SALER,""S""",3128^M
KING,PRESIDENT,2523^M
[oracle@nathan-rhel5 ~]$ cat -v ldr_case2.dat0
SMITH,CLEAK,3904
ALLEN,"SALER,M",2891
WARD,"SALER,""S""",3128
KING,PRESIDENT,2523

原来作祟的就是文件行末的^M啊!!!

把csv文件转一下格式:
[oracle@nathan-rhel5 ~]$ dos2unix ldr_case2.csv
dos2unix: converting file ldr_case2.csv to UNIX format ...
[oracle@nathan-rhel5 ~]$ cat -v ldr_case2.csv
SMITH,CLEAK,3904
ALLEN,"SALER,M",2891
WARD,"SALER,""S""",3128
KING,PRESIDENT,2523

然后再重新加载一次数据成功了:
[oracle@nathan-rhel5 ~]$ vi ldr_case2.ctl

load data
infile 'ldr_case2.csv'
truncate into table bonus
fields terminated by ',' optionally enclosed by '"'
(ename,job,sal)
[oracle@nathan-rhel5 ~]$ sqlldr scott/tiger control=ldr_case2.ctl

SQL*Loader: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Feb 22 22:47:31 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Commit point reached - logical record count 4
[oracle@nathan-rhel5 ~]$ vi ldr_case2.log

Control File:  ldr_case2.ctl
Data File:      ldr_case2.csv
  Bad File:    ldr_case2.bad
  Discard File:  none specified

(Allow all discards)

Number to load: ALL
Number to skip: 0
Errors allowed: 50
Bind array:    64 rows, maximum of 256000 bytes
Continuation:    none specified
Path used:      Conventional

Table BONUS, loaded from every logical record.
Insert option in effect for this table: TRUNCATE

  Column Name                  Position  Len  Term Encl Datatype
------------------------------ ---------- ----- ---- ---- ---------------------
ENAME                              FIRST    *  ,  O(") CHARACTER
JOB                                  NEXT    *  ,  O(") CHARACTER
SAL                                  NEXT    *  ,  O(") CHARACTER

Table BONUS:
  4 Rows successfully loaded.

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