Oracle中RMAN的备份与恢复笔记

文章由LinuxBoy分享于2019-03-30 03:03:37热评（226）

Oracle中RMAN的备份与恢复笔记

环境：CentOS6 + Oracle11g

Linux下先确认输入rman时，执行是那个bash

find / -name rman (根目录下rman名称的文件)

su -oracle

echo $PATH

vi ./.bash_profile (调整顺序为 PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin)

确认为归档模式

sqlplus /nolog

conn /as sysdba

archive log list

alter system set log_archive_start=true scope=spfile; (设置自动归档)

nocatalog非目录模式下的备份(备份信息存放在控制文件)

[oracle@CentOS6 ~]$ rman nocatalog

RMAN> connect target /(或者RMAN> connect target sys/samis.com@poli)

RMAN> list backupset;

RMAN> backup database;(全备份)

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[oracle@CentOS6 ~]$ cd /u01/oracle/oradata/poli/

[oracle@CentOS6 ~]$ strings control01.ctl (查看控制文件内容)

RMAN> backup incremental level=0 database; (0级备份)

RMAN> backup incremental level 1 database; (1级备份)

RMAN> list backupset;

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备份归档日记archivelog

RMAN> backup database plus archivelog delete input;(备份了所有文件，参数/控制/数据/归档，并删除已备份的归档日记文件)

RMAN> show all;

RMAN> report schema; (查看表空间)

RMAN> backup tablespace tbs01

备份控制文件，两种方式:

RMAN> backup current controlfile (单独备份)

RMAN> backup database include current controlfile (备份数据库的时候包含控制文件)

备份集: backupset

镜像备份:image copies

RMAN> report schema; (查看表空间对应的编号)

RMAN> copy datafile 5 to '/u01/oracle/oradata/poli/tbs01.dbf';

RMAN> list copy; (查看镜像备份)

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单命令

RMAN> backup database;

批命令

RMAN> run {

allocate channel cha1 type disk;

backup format "/u01/rmanbak/full_%t"

tag full_backup_bak

database;

release channel cha1;

}

%t:备份集时间戳

%T:年月日格式(YYYYMMDD)

%d:数据库的名称

%D:位于该月中的天数(DD)

%M:位于该月中的月份(MM)

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自动备份:备份脚本+crontab

创建脚本

[oracle@CentOS6 ~]$ vi bakl0

RMAN> run {

allocate channel c1 type disk;

backup incremental level 0

format "/u01/rmanbak/inc0_%u_%T"

tag monday_inc0

database;

release channel cha1;

}

[oracle@CentOS6 ~]$ cp bakl0 bakl1

[oracle@CentOS6 ~]$ cp bakl0 bakl2

[oracle@CentOS6 ~]$ vi bakl1

[oracle@CentOS6 ~]$ rman target / msglog=/u01/rmanbak/bakl0.log cmdfile=/u01/rmanbak/script/bakl0 (可以先测试下)

[root@CentOS6 ~]$ crontab -e -u oracle

45 23 * * 0 rman target / msglog=/u01/rmanbak/bakl0.log cmdfile=/u01/rmanbak/script/bakl0 (从右到左，星期/月/日/时/分 23:45分)

45 23 * * 1 rman target / msglog=/u01/rmanbak/bakl2.log cmdfile=/u01/rmanbak/script/bakl2

45 23 * * 2 rman target / msglog=/u01/rmanbak/bakl2.log cmdfile=/u01/rmanbak/script/bakl2

45 23 * * 3 rman target / msglog=/u01/rmanbak/bakl1.log cmdfile=/u01/rmanbak/script/bakl1 (1级)

45 23 * * 4 rman target / msglog=/u01/rmanbak/bakl2.log cmdfile=/u01/rmanbak/script/bakl2 (2级)

45 23 * * 5 rman target / msglog=/u01/rmanbak/bakl2.log cmdfile=/u01/rmanbak/script/bakl2

45 23 * * 6 rman target / msglog=/u01/rmanbak/bakl2.log cmdfile=/u01/rmanbak/script/bakl2

[root@CentOS6 ~]$ service crond restart (编辑完重启这个服务)

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# connected to target database: POLI (DBID=3742422830)

RMAN> rman target / (记下dbid，以后恢复spfile或者controlfile时候需要)

RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on; (自动备份controlfile)

RMAN> show all;

RMAN> list backup;

RMAN> delete backupset 24; (删除备份编号)

RMAN> backup format '/u01/oracle/rmanbak/full_%T_%u.bak' database plus archivelog;

Oracle中RMAN的备份与恢复笔记