Oracle case when用法


CASE表达式可以在SQL中实现if-then-else型的逻辑,而不必使用PL/SQL。CASE的工作方式与DECODE()类似,但应该使用CASE,因为它与ANSI兼容。
注意点:

  1、以CASE开头,以END结尾

  2、分支中WHEN后跟条件,THEN为显示结果

  3、ELSE为除此之外的默认情况,类似于高级语言程序中switch case的default,可以不加

  4、END后跟别名

  CASE有两种表达式:

  1.简单CASE表达式,使用表达式确定返回值.

  语法:

  CASE search_expression

  WHEN expression1 THEN result1

  WHEN expression2 THEN result2

  ...

  WHEN expressionN THEN resultN

  ELSE default_result

  END

  例:

  select product_id,product_type_id,

  case product_type_id

  when 1 then 'Book'

  when 2 then 'Video'

  when 3 then 'DVD'

  when 4 then 'CD'

  else 'Magazine'

  end

  from products

  结果:

  PRODUCT_ID PRODUCT_TYPE_ID CASEPROD

  ---------- --------------- --------

  1               1                             Book

  2               1                             Book

  3               2                              Video

  4               2                             Video

  5               2                             Video

  6               2                            Video

  7               3                             DVD

  8               3                             DVD

  9               4                              CD

  10               4                               CD

  11               4                             CD

  12                                            Magazine

  12 rows selected.

  2.搜索CASE表达式,使用条件确定返回值.

  语法:

  CASE

  WHEN condition1 THEN result1

  WHEN condistion2 THEN result2

  ...

  WHEN condistionN THEN resultN

  ELSE default_result

  END

  例:

  select product_id,product_type_id,

  case

  when product_type_id=1 then 'Book'

  when product_type_id=2 then 'Video'

  when product_type_id=3 then 'DVD'

  when product_type_id=4 then 'CD'

  else 'Magazine'

  end

  from products

  结果与上相同.

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