Oracle的RMAN备份方法

Oracle的RMAN备份方法

1、切换服务器归档模式，如果已经是归档模式可跳过此步：
%sqlplus /nolog (启动sqlplus)
SQL> conn / as sysdba (以DBA身份连接数据库)
SQL> shutdown immediate; (立即关闭数据库)
SQL> startup mount (启动实例并加载数据库，但不打开)
SQL> alter database archivelog; (更改数据库为归档模式)
SQL> alter database open; (打开数据库)
SQL> alter system archive log start; (启用自动归档)
SQL> exit (退出)

2、建立recovery catalog db数据库的相关内容

a,建好catalog库并建catalog表空间
  SQL> create tablespace tbs_rman datafile 'd:/Oracle/product/10.1.0/oradata/wind/rman.dbf' size 200M;

b,建好管理catalog的rman的user,并给recovery_catalog_owner权限:
SQL>create user rmanuser identified by rmanuser
    temporary tablespace TEMP
    default tablespace tbs_rman
    quota unlimited on tbs_rman;

c,分配权限
SQL> grant recovery_catalog_owner to rmanuser;

3.创建 catalog

#有些时候直接使用rman linux会认为是他本身的命令，所以加入全路径比较保险
>$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman

RMAN> connect catalog rmanuser/rmanuser@rman_db;

RMAN> create catalog;  ##这句就是把 userrman 的默认表空间分配给 catalog;

RMAN> create catalog tablespace tbs_catalog;##如果user_rman有默认表空间那么就不需要这句

##如果想删除catalog可以使用两边 RMAN>drop catalog;     RMAN>drop catalog;

将目标数据库注册到catalog
RMAN> register database;

4.配置NFS

查看nfs服务是否启动   service nfs status
启动nfs               service nfs start

vim /etc/exports

/oracle/rmanbak 10.1.50.81(rw,no_root_squash)

在target服务器上挂载远程备份目录
关于备份路径的挂载点是有要求的,而且参数上也有要求如下，挂载在 $ORACLE_HOME目录及其父目录下

mount -o rw,bg,intr,hard,timeo=600,wsize=32768,rsize=32768 -t nfs 10.1.50.80:/oracle/rmanbak /home/oracle/rmanbak

5.开始备份

做一个全库备份

run{
allocate channel d1 type disk;
backup as compressed backupset
format='/home/oracle/rmanbak/full_%d_%u_%s_%p'
tag='fullbak'
channel=d1
database plus archivelog delete input;
release channel d1;
}

增量备份 0
run{
allocate channel d1 device type disk;
backup as compressed backupset
incremental level=0
format='/home/oracle/rmanbak/inc0_%d_%u_%s_%p'
tag='inc0'
channel=d1
database plus archivelog delete input;
release channel d1;
}

增量备份 1
run{
allocate channel d1 device type disk;
backup as compressed backupset
incremental level=1
format='/home/oracle/rmanbak/inc1_%d_%u_%s_%p'
tag='inc1'
channel=d1
database plus archivelog delete input;
release channel d1;
}

表空间
run{
allocate channel d1 device type disk;
backup as compressed backupset
format='/home/oracle/rmanbak/tbs_%d_%u_%s_%p'
tag='tbs'
channel=d1
tablespace users;
release channel d1;
}

//

///
crontab

 

//delete expired copy
//list backup by files;
//umount -l /mnt/rmanbak
//crosscheck backupset
//validate backupset
//delete expixed backupset
//delete backupset of database device type disk completed between 'sysdate-1' and 'sysdate+1
//delete noprompt obsolete recovery window of 0 days
//
set limit channel '' readrate
set limit channel '' kbytes

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