Oracle Data Guard Linux 平台 Physical Standby 搭建实例

文章由LinuxBoy分享于2019-03-30 07:03:05热评（17）

Oracle Data Guard Linux 平台 Physical Standby 搭建实例

Data Guard 环境：

操作系统： RedHat 4.7

Primary数据库：

IP地址：10.85.10.1。

数据库SID：orcl

DB_UNIQUE_NAME：orcl_pd

Standby数据库：

IP地址：10.85.10.2

数据库SID：orcl。

DB_UNIQUE_NAME：orcl_st

一． Primary 端的配置

1. 主库设置为force logging 模式

SQL> alter database force logging;

2. 主库设为归档模式

SQL> archive log list;

SQL> shutdown immediate

SQL> startup mount

SQL> alter database archivelog;

SQL> archive log list;

3. 添加redo log file

添加一个新的Standby Redologs组（注意组号不要与当前存在的Online Redologs组重复），并为该组指定一个成员：

SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 4 ('/u01/app/Oracle/oradata/orcl/redo04.log') size 50M;

SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo05.log') size 50M;

SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 6 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo06.log') size 50M;

SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 7 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo07.log') size 50M;

4. 创建备库的密码文件和控制文件

SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/u01/control01.ctl';

-- 说明：判断一个数据库是Primary还是Standby，就是通过控制文件来判断的。

[oracle@localhost dbs]$ orapwd file=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapworcl password=admin

如果已经存在，就不用创建了。缺省情况下，win下口令文件的格式是pwdsid.ora，unix下的格式是orapwSID(大小写敏感）

5. 修改初始化参数文件

SQL> create pfile='/u01/initorcl.ora' from spfile;

在initorcl.ora 添加如下内容：

*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='orcl_pd'

*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/archive'

*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orcl_st'

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE

*.standby_file_management='AUTO'

*.standby_archive_dest='/u01/archive'

*.FAL_SERVER='orcl_st'

*.FAL_CLIENT='orcl_pd'

如果主库和备库的数据文件位置不同，还需要加如下2个参数：

*.log_file_name_convert='/u02/oradata/orcl/','/u03/oradata/orcl/'

*.db_file_name_convert='/u02/oradata/orcl/','/u03/oradata/orcl/'

-- 注意：orcl_st,orcl_pd 是在tnsnames文件中配置的

用'/u01/initorcl.ora' 这个pfile 启动数据库，并生成spfile。

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup pfile='/u01/initorcl.ora';

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes

Fixed Size 1218316 bytes

Variable Size 79694068 bytes

Database Buffers 83886080 bytes

Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> create spfile from pfile='/u01/initorcl.ora';

File created.

6. 修改listener.ora 和tnsnames.ora 文件

Listener.ora 文件：

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)

(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

(PROGRAM = extproc)

)

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)

(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

(SID_NAME = orcl)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost.localdomain)(PORT = 1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))

)

注意：SID_LIST_LISTENER 配置的是静态注册，如果没有该参数，而且Data Guard 启动顺序又不正确，那么在主库可能会报 PING[ARC1]: Heartbeat failed to connect to standby 'orcl_st'. Error is 12514. 错误，导致归档无法完成。

Oracle Listener 动态注册与静态注册

Tnsnames.ora 文件

ORCL_ST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.85.10.2)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

ORCL_PD =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.85.10.1)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

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