mysqlbackup在线配置MySQL主从架构


前言：

MySQL数据库很多情况下都是用于搭建电商平台，电商平台就意味着为公司赚钱的平台，必须24小时在线的；我们也搭建了属于自己的电商平台，但是最近反应需要增加一台从库来缓解主库的读取压力。网上百度了很多相关的方法，总结如下：

MySQLdump搭建，该方法很简单，但是操作的过程中需要锁表，并停止应用。该方法适合系统未上线时操作，新手可以搭建用于学习；（  ）

Xtrabackup搭建，该方法需要了解Xtrabackup工具的备份还原，可以实现在线搭建主从架构。

MySQL管理之使用XtraBackup进行热备

MySQL开源备份工具Xtrabackup备份部署

MySQL Xtrabackup备份和恢复

用XtraBackup实现MySQL的主从复制快速部署【主不锁表】

安装和使用 Percona 推出的 Xtrabackup 备份 MySQL

MySQL一直推荐的企业版的MySQL备份工具：MySQLbackup，抱着学习的心态就在测试环境中通过MySQLbakcup工具来搭建主从架构；

在进行以下操作之前，需要先进行以下两个设置：主库和备库的参数文件已经修改完成、在主库上面创建主从连接用户；

以下是详细的整理步骤：

数据库

主机名

IP地址

同步用户

备份位置

主数据库

Mysql01

192.168.47.152

server01

/backup

从数据库

Mysql02

192.168.47.151

2 主库的操作步骤

2.1 对主库进行全备，脚本如下

mysqlbackup --user=root --password --backup-dir=/backup backup-and-apply-log

备份的目录为/backup，请确认这个目录的存在；

2.2 记录这个时候主库的binlog状态 

mysql> show master status; 

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 

| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | 

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 

| mysql-bin.000003 | 107 | | | 

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 

1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 

2.3 为了验证主从是没有问题的，这个时候可以往主库的某个数据库插入数据，然后再记录状态 

mysql> show master status; 

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 

| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | 

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 

| mysql-bin.000003 | 500 | | | 

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

2.4 把备份从主库拷贝到从库 

[root@mysql01 backup]# service iptables stop 

iptables：清除防火墙规则： [确定] 

iptables：将链设置为政策 ACCEPT：filter [确定] 

iptables：正在卸载模块： [确定] 

root@mysql01 backup]# scp bak.tar root@mysql02:/backup/* 

Warning: Permanently added the RSA host key for IP address '192.168.47.151' to the list of known hosts. 

root@mysql02's password: 

bak.tar 100% 69MB 23.1MB/s 00:03 

需要先关闭防火墙 

3.从库的操作步骤
3.1 进行从库的恢复 

[root@mysql01 backup]# mysqlbackup --defaults-file=/backup/server-my.cnf --datadir=/data/mysql --backup-dir=/backup/ copy-back 

MySQL Enterprise Backup version 3.11.0 Linux-3.8.13-16.2.1.el6uek.x86_64-x86_64 [2014/08/26] 

Copyright (c) 2003, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. 

   

mysqlbackup: INFO: Starting with following command line ... 

mysqlbackup --defaults-file=/backup/server-my.cnf --datadir=/data/mysql 

--backup-dir=/backup/ copy-back 

   

mysqlbackup: INFO: 

IMPORTANT: Please check that mysqlbackup run completes successfully. 

At the end of a successful 'copy-back' run mysqlbackup 

prints "mysqlbackup completed OK!". 

   

141118 16:19:35 mysqlbackup: INFO: MEB logfile created at /backup/meta/MEB_2014-11-18.16-19-35_copy_back.log 

   

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 

Server Repository Options: 

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 

datadir = /data/mysql 

innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql 

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend 

innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql/ 

innodb_log_files_in_group = 2 

innodb_log_file_size = 5242880 

innodb_page_size = Null 

innodb_checksum_algorithm = none 

   

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 

Backup Config Options: 

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 

datadir = /backup/datadir 

innodb_data_home_dir = /backup/datadir 

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend 

innodb_log_group_home_dir = /backup/datadir 

innodb_log_files_in_group = 2 

innodb_log_file_size = 5242880 

innodb_page_size = 16384 

innodb_checksum_algorithm = none 

   

mysqlbackup: INFO: Creating 14 buffers each of size 16777216. 

141118 16:19:35 mysqlbackup: INFO: Copy-back operation starts with following threads 

        1 read-threads 1 write-threads 

mysqlbackup: INFO: Could not find binlog index file. If this is online backup then server may not have started with --log-bin. 

        Hence, binlogs will not be copied for this backup. Point-In-Time-Recovery will not be possible. 

141118 16:19:35 mysqlbackup: INFO: Copying /backup/datadir/ibdata1. 

141118 16:19:37 mysqlbackup: INFO: Copying the database directory 'john' 

141118 16:19:37 mysqlbackup: INFO: Copying the database directory 'mysql' 

141118 16:19:37 mysqlbackup: INFO: Copying the database directory 'performance_schema' 

141118 16:19:37 mysqlbackup: INFO: Completing the copy of all non-innodb files. 

141118 16:19:37 mysqlbackup: INFO: Copying the log file 'ib_logfile0' 

141118 16:19:37 mysqlbackup: INFO: Copying the log file 'ib_logfile1' 

141118 16:19:39 mysqlbackup: INFO: Creating server config files server-my.cnf and server-all.cnf in /data/mysql 

141118 16:19:39 mysqlbackup: INFO: Copy-back operation completed successfully. 

141118 16:19:39 mysqlbackup: INFO: Finished copying backup files to '/data/mysql'
 

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