基于OpenSSL的HTTPS服务配置

基于OpenSSL的HTTPS服务配置

CA服务器：192.168.75.131 

httpd服务器：192.168.75.128

操作系统版本：RedHat 6.5(x_86_64)

一、安装openssl 

1、源码安装：

openssl ：wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.0a.tar.gz

# tar xvf openssl-1.0.0a.tar.gz

# cd openssl-1.0.0a

# ./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl

# make && make install

2、RPM安装

yum install openssl openssl-devel -y

二、安装Apache

1、源码安装httpd 参考：编译安装Apache(httpd-2.4.18)

--enable-so #动态模块支持

--enable-ssl #开启ssl模块支持

--with-ssl=/usr/local/openssl 使用编译版本的openssl，如果不指定，则使用RPM版本的openssl

编译参数：

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache  --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-mpms-shared=all  --with-mpm=event  --enable-proxy --enable-proxy-http --enable-proxy-ajp   --enable-proxy-balancer   --enable-lbmethod-heartbeat --enable-heartbeat  --enable-slotmem-shm  --enable-slotmem-plain  --enable-watchdog    --with-ssl=/usr/local/openssl

2、RPM包安装httpd

需要安装mod_ssl模块

# yum install httpd   mod_ssl  -y 

三、CA服务器生成自签证书（在CA服务器：192.168.75.131上操作）

# yum install openssl -y

# cd /etc/pki/CA/

# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out private/cakey.pem 2048)   #生成私钥

# ll private/

total 4

-rw-------. 1 root root 1679 Feb 18 17:49 cakey.pem

生成自签证书的时候会有很多选项需要填写，如果不想填，可以编辑配置文件，更换默认值

# cd  ../tls/

# diff openssl.cnf openssl.cnf.orig 

130c130

< countryName_default= CN

---

> countryName_default= XX

135c135

< stateOrProvinceName_default= GuangDong

---

> #stateOrProvinceName_default= Default Province

138c138

< localityName_default= ShenZhen

---

> localityName_default= Default City

141c141

< 0.organizationName_default= SmallFish Company Ltd

---

> 0.organizationName_default= Default Company Ltd

148c148

< organizationalUnitName_default= Tech

---

> #organizationalUnitName_default=

# vim ../tls/openssl.cnf  #保证dir是在/etc/pki/CA目录

[ CA_default ]

dir             = /etc/pki/CA           # Where everything is kept

# openssl req -new -x509 -key private/cakey.pem  -out cacert.pem -days 3665  #根据私钥给自己生成一个自签证书，这个证书可以给用户使用的

You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated

into your certificate request.

What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.

There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank

For some fields there will be a default value,

If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.

-----

Country Name (2 letter code) [CN]:

State or Province Name (full name) [GuangDong]:

Locality Name (eg, city) [ShenZhen]:

Organization Name (eg, company) [SmallFish Company Ltd]: #给别人签发的公司也必须是这个

Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) [Tech]:

Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:ca.smallfish.com #发给自己的证书

Email Address []:admin@smallfish.com

# cd /etc/pki/CA/

# touch index.txt

# echo 00 >serial

# tree .

.

├── cacert.pem

├── certs

├── crl

├── index.txt

├── newcerts

├── private

│   └── cakey.pem

└── serial

四、web服务器端,生成证书颁发请求（在192.168.75.128上操作）

# cd /usr/local/apache/conf

# mkdir ssl

# cd ssl/

#(umask 077;openssl genrsa 1024 > httpd.key)  #生成密钥

Generating RSA private key, 1024 bit long modulus

.......++++++

.............................++++++

e is 65537 (0x10001)

# ll

total 4

-rw-------. 1 root root 887 Feb  8 18:40 httpd.key

# openssl req -new -key httpd.key -out httpd.csr #生成证书申请请求

You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated

into your certificate request.

What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.

There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank

For some fields there will be a default value,

If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.

-----

Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN #信息必须和CA端保持一致

State or Province Name (full name) []:GuangDong #信息必须和CA端保持一致

Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:ShenZhen #信息必须和CA端保持一致

Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:SmallFish Company Ltd #必须是CA证书中填写的是同一个公司，不如后面生成公司证书的时候会报错

Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Tech

Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:www.vip.com

Email Address []:www.vip.com

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes

to be sent with your certificate request

A challenge password []:

An optional company name []:

[root@master ssl]# 

# scp  httpd.csr 192.168.75.131:/tmp #用U盘拷贝，发邮件都可以

五、CA服务器签发证书（在CA服务器：192.168.75.131上操作）

 

# openssl ca -in /tmp/httpd.csr -out /tmp/httpd.crt -days 3650   #CA进行签署证书，公司名称不一样，会报错

Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf

Check that the request matches the signature

Signature ok

The organizationName field needed to be the same in the

CA certificate (SmallFish Company Ltd) and the request (vip Ltd)

# openssl ca -in /tmp/httpd.csr -out /tmp/httpd.crt -days 3650   #CA进行签署证书

Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf

Check that the request matches the signature

Signature ok

Certificate Details:

        Serial Number: 0 (0x0)

        Validity

            Not Before: Feb 18 10:10:26 2016 GMT

            Not After : Feb 15 10:10:26 2026 GMT

        Subject:

            countryName               = CN

            stateOrProvinceName       = GuangDong

            organizationName          = SmallFish Company Ltd

            organizationalUnitName    = Tech

            commonName                = www.vip.com

            emailAddress              = www.vip.com

        X509v3 extensions:

            X509v3 Basic Constraints: 

                CA:FALSE

            Netscape Comment: 

                OpenSSL Generated Certificate

            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 

                68:4F:A6:95:E8:65:0D:FE:9E:E2:81:31:8A:AF:69:3A:4C:43:E0:94

            X509v3 Authority Key Identifier: 

                keyid:AA:27:66:F1:0F:7A:7C:CA:CD:85:95:1F:D5:92:5A:36:23:FE:1A:36

Certificate is to be certified until Feb 15 10:10:26 2026 GMT (3650 days)

Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y

1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y

Write out database with 1 new entries

Data Base Updated

# cat index.txt

V260215101026Z00unknown/C=CN/ST=GuangDong/O=SmallFish Company Ltd/OU=Tech/CN=www.vip.com/emailAddress=www.vip.com

# cat serial

01

# tree .

.

├── cacert.pem

├── certs

├── crl

├── index.txt

├── index.txt.attr

├── index.txt.old

├── newcerts

│   └── 00.pem

├── private

│   └── cakey.pem

├── serial

└── serial.old

4 directories, 8 files

# scp /tmp/httpd.crt 192.168.75.128:/usr/local/apache/conf/ssl #拷贝证书到Web服务器

# rm /tmp/httpd.crt /tmp/httpd.csr  #CA服务器端制作完毕之后可以删除掉web服务器端证书

六、web服务器端配置openssl（在192.168.75.128上操作）

vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf 

<VirtualHost _default_:443>

DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs"  #和80端口文档目录的保持一致，不然和80访问的内容不一样

ServerName www.vip.com:443

ServerAdmin admin@vip.com

ErrorLog "/usr/local/apache/logs/error_log"

TransferLog "/usr/local/apache/logs/access_log"

SSLEngine on

SSLCertificateFile "/usr/local/apache/conf/ssl/httpd.crt"

SSLCertificateKeyFile "/usr/local/apache/conf/ssl/httpd.key"

# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf #打开下面的注释

LoadModule socache_shmcb_module modules/mod_socache_shmcb.so

LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so

LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so

Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf

# /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -t

Syntax OK

# httpd -M| grep ssl_mod   #查看是否支持ssl_module

 ssl_module (shared)

# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start

# lsof -i:80

COMMAND   PID   USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME

httpd   13445   root    4u  IPv6 349321      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)

httpd   13446 daemon    4u  IPv6 349321      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)

httpd   13447 daemon    4u  IPv6 349321      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)

httpd   13448 daemon    4u  IPv6 349321      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)

# lsof -i:443

COMMAND   PID   USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME

httpd   13445   root    6u  IPv6 349329      0t0  TCP *:https (LISTEN)

httpd   13446 daemon    6u  IPv6 349329      0t0  TCP *:https (LISTEN)

httpd   13447 daemon    6u  IPv6 349329      0t0  TCP *:https (LISTEN)

httpd   13448 daemon    6u  IPv6 349329      0t0  TCP *:https (LISTEN)

七、访问验证

1、在win hosts文件中添加

C:\WINDOWS\System32\drivers\etc\hosts

192.168.85.128 www.vip.com

2、安装证书

拷贝CA服务器中的证书（/etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem）到客户端，重命名为cacert.crt，双击运行安装，导入到浏览器，用浏览器打开

3、访问：

https://www.vip.com/

http://www.vip.com/

八、遇到的问题

问题1：

# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start

AH00526: Syntax error on line 51 of /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf:

Invalid command 'SSLCipherSuite', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration

解决1：

# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf

LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so

问题2：

# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start

AH00526: Syntax error on line 76 of /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf:

SSLSessionCache: 'shmcb' session cache not supported (known names: ). Maybe you need to load the appropriate socache module (mod_socache_shmcb?).

解决2：

# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf

LoadModule socache_shmcb_module modules/mod_socache_shmcb.so

问题3:

The countryName field needed to be the same in the

CA certificate (cn) and the request (sh)

解决3：证书的国家名称，省名要相同

九、注意：

SSL会话不能基于主机名区分，服务器只有一个ip地址，只能为一个主机提供ssl的功能，如果有很多基于域名的虚拟主机，ssl只能提供给其中的一个虚拟主机使用.

更多OpenSSL相关内容可以查看以下的有用链接： 

使用 OpenSSL 命令行构建 CA 及证书 

Ubuntu安装OpenSSL 

通过OpenSSL提供FTP+SSL/TLS认证功能，并实现安全数据传输

Linux下使用OpenSSL生成证书

利用OpenSSL签署多域名证书

在OpenSSL中添加自定义加密算法 

OpenSSL 的详细介绍：请点这里
OpenSSL 的下载地址：请点这里

本文永久更新链接地址：